Моя специальность. Халюшева Г.Р. - 18 стр.

      to upgrade – совершенствовать, поднимать до более высокого уровня
      enrollment – общее число зачисленных (в колледж)
      retraining – переподготовка
      to allow – разрешать, позволять
      to encourage – поощрять
      visa – виза
      experience – опыт

      3.3 Now you are going to read a newspaper article by Laura D`Andrea
Tyson, Dean of the Haas School of Business at the University of California and
former President Clinton`s chief economic adviser. What is her general attitude
to foreign IT workers arriving in the USA?

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                 Open The Gates Wide To High-Skill Immigrants

       Nowhere have labor-market conditions been tighter than in the information-
technology sector. Since 1993, this sector has added more than one million net new
jobs with wages that are on average about three-quarters higher than the rest of the
economy. The unemployment rates for information-technology workers, including
electrical engineers, computer scientists, and programmers, are below 2%, forcing
regional employers to mount national searches to fill open positions.
       In part, the strong demand for information-technology workers reflects the
economy’s overall strength. Efforts to head off Y2K problems also intensified the
search for such workers. But it`s a mistake to conclude that the increase in demand
for computer scientists, systems analysts, and computer programmers is temporary.
Spending on information technologies has risen steadily since 1992 and now accounts
for more than half of total business spending on producer-durable equipment.
According to a recent Commerce Dept. report, the nation will require at least 1.3
million new information-technology workers over the next decade to create new
systems. More will be needed to operate them.
       As a result of the intense scramble to hire information-technology workers, the
number of special visas for skilled foreign workers available for this year has already
been used up. The President`s Administration initially opposed an increase in the
number of these visas because of concerns about possible negative effects on
American workers through immigration.
       But a recent study indicates that immigration of information-technology
workers has a positive economic impact. A detailed analysis of Silicon Valley`s
experience over the past 20 years demonstrates that such immigrants have been a
major source new job and wealth creation, bringing skills, creativity, capital, and
links with global markets to the region.
       Today, immigrants account for at least one-third of the scientific and
engineering workforce in the Valley and occupy senior executive positions in at least
one-quarter of its new technology companies. Many have advanced degrees in
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