Radiophysics. Халюшева Г.Р. - 43 стр.

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10.3.6 Read and translate the text" Some Discoveries of the 19th Century".
Make up 12 questions on the text
Some Discoveries of the 19th Century
J.J.Thomson designed some apparatus which was the forerunner of our modern day electron guns which are found
in television receivers and which are used as an electronic tool in experimental physics. His devise was based on the
principle of accelerating electrons originating at a cathod and, while under the influence of the high voltage, they produce a
narrow beam.
This narrow beam then passed through an electric field and a magnetic field
that deflected the beam in proportion to their strength ,striking on a fluorescent screen. A strong narrow beam of
electrons is a useful tool in physics and is the heart of the television–receiver.
Thomson performed outstanding experiments and came to the conclusion that the cathode rays were particles
contained within the atom and that these particles were ejected from the atoms of the cathode during the discharge. These
cathode rays are now called electrons.
Rutherford's experiments, his ideas and conclusions were the beginning of the atomic structure picture developed
by Bohr a few years later
Bohr proposed that the positive charge of each atom is equal to the atomic
number of the atom. One positive charge is now called a proton and its charge is equal to that of one electron. On
this basis, hydrogen has one positive charge (one proton) since its atomic number is one, and one negative charge (one
electron) since in its natural state the atom is neutral. The introduction of the quantum idea into the structure of the atom
with its far reaching consequences, was a truly great achievement of Bohr and his colleagues.
10.3.7 Notes to the Text
Forerunner – предвестник
guns – пушки
tool – инструмент; орудие
deflected – отклоняли
striking on a fluorescent screen – падая на флюоресцирующий экран.
were ejected – были выброшены
discharge – разрядка
far reaching concequences – большие последствия
truly – поистине 
    10.3.6 Read and translate the text" Some Discoveries of the 19th Century".
Make up 12 questions on the text

                                         Some Discoveries of the 19th Century
          J.J.Thomson designed some apparatus which was the forerunner of our modern day electron guns which are found
in television receivers and which are used as an electronic tool in experimental physics. His devise was based on the
principle of accelerating electrons originating at a cathod and, while under the influence of the high voltage, they produce a
narrow beam.
          This narrow beam then passed through an electric field and a magnetic field
          that deflected the beam in proportion to their strength ,striking on a fluorescent screen. A strong narrow beam of
electrons is a useful tool in physics and is the heart of the television–receiver.
          Thomson performed outstanding experiments and came to the conclusion that the cathode rays were particles
contained within the atom and that these particles were ejected from the atoms of the cathode during the discharge. These
cathode rays are now called electrons.
          Rutherford's experiments, his ideas and conclusions were the beginning of the atomic structure picture developed
by Bohr a few years later
          Bohr proposed that the positive charge of each atom is equal to the atomic
          number of the atom. One positive charge is now called a proton and its charge is equal to that of one electron. On
this basis, hydrogen has one positive charge (one proton) since its atomic number is one, and one negative charge (one
electron) since in its natural state the atom is neutral. The introduction of the quantum idea into the structure of the atom
with its far reaching consequences, was a truly great achievement of Bohr and his colleagues.

         10.3.7 Notes to the Text
         Forerunner – предвестник
         guns – пушки
         tool – инструмент; орудие
         deflected – отклоняли
         striking on a fluorescent screen – падая на флюоресцирующий экран.
         were ejected – были выброшены
         discharge – разрядка
         far reaching concequences – большие последствия
         truly – поистине

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