Basic ecomonic terminology. Искренко Э.В - 26 стр.

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                 INVESTMENT AND SECURITIES


        A. Types of securities markets and its members
      1. Securities — stocks and bonds (which present a secured-asset-
based claim on the part of investors) that can be bought and sold.
      2. Securities market — the millions of people and organizations
that buy stocks and bonds and the securities intermediaries who
bring buyers and sellers together.
      3. Primary market — a market in which an investor purchases
financial securities (via an investment bank or other representative)
directly from the issuer of those securities.
      4. Secondary market — a market for existing financial securities
that are currently traded between investors.
      5. Stock exchange — the marketplace for dealing in freely
transferable stocks, shares, and securities of all types — government
and others.
      6. Investor — traditionally someone who buys securities with
the expectation of getting an income or profit over several years.
      7. Broker — an individual licensed to buy and sell securities
for customers in the secondary market; may also provide other
financial services.
      8. Stockbroker — an individual who buys or sells securities
for clients.
      9. Investment banker — any financial institution engaged in
purchasing and reselling new stocks and bonds.
      10. Investment banking firm — an organization that assists
corporations in raising funds, usually by helping sell new security
issues.
      11. Index fund — a mutual fund that invests its money in a
basket of stocks that mimics the performance of a stock market
index, generally the Standard & Poor’s (S&P) 500.
      12. Bull market — a stock market in which prices are rising and
there is much optimism among speculators.
      13. Bear market — a stock market in which prices are falling
and there is much pessimism among speculators.
      14. Bull — an investor who expects prices to go up.

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