Лексикология английского языка. Иванова Н.К. - 24 стр.

                                  ЗАДАНИЯ К СЕМИНАРУ 2

1) Read and analyse the text.

VOGUE WORDS – the words that acquired a power and influence beyond those which they
originally possessed. They are seldom new coinages; they have a relatively short life but currently
are widely used. Pay attention that some of them are of international character.

1. Alternative means “available instead of another”, as in “We took an alternative route”.
    Alternative has been overused in official jargon, in such contexts as “alternative
    accommodation, “make alternative arrangement”, “find alternative employment”, where it is
    often better replaced by other or new. But there is really no satisfactory synonym for the more
    recent sense “non-traditional, offering a substitute for a conditional thing”, as in “alternative
    medicine”, “alternative cinema”, “alternative technology”.
2. Ambivalence, ambivalent, “ the coexistence of opposed feelings”, once a technical term in
    psychology.
3. Angle for “approach; technique”.
4. Achetypal, achetype for “typical example of something”.
5. Astronomical for “extremely large”
6. Basically as an almost meaningless “filler”, as in “This is basically where I disagree”.
7. Blueprint for “scheme, plan”.
8. Breakthrough for “a major advance or discovery”.
9. Catalyst for anyone or anything that precipitates change. A loose extension of its original sense
    in chemistry.
10. Charisma, charismatic for a quality in a public figure that inspires devotion, and often now
    meaning no more than “great personal charm”.
11. Climate for “prevailing mood”, as in “the present economic climate”, “climate of opinion”.
12. Clone for “identical copy”. This originally botanical word was popularized in science fiction,
    and is now used, for instance, of a cheaper computer that simulates the properties of a more
    expensive one.
13. Constructive for “positive and helpful”, as in “ a constructive approach”.
14. Crash (adj.) for anything intended to give quick results, as in “crash diet”, “crash course”,
    “crash programme”.
15. Dichotomy /daktm/ for “ discrepancy; conflict”
16. Escalate for “rise, expand”. Prices can escalate , or a company may might escalate its overseas
    trade.
17. Ethnic for “foreign; exotic”, as used of food, clothes, music.
18. Face-lift for any procedure to improve the appearance of anything.
19. Feedback is loosely used for “response”, as in “get some feedback from our advertising
    campaign”.
20. -free is a fashionable, appearing in such widely different combinations as nuclear-free,
    cholesterol-free, meat-free, salmonella-free.
21. -friendly is another popular suffix. From the computing term = “easy for the non-specialist to
    use”, it has broken away to form such compounds as ozone-friendly (of products) and citizen-
    friendly (of comprehensive legal drafting).
22. Global for “worldwide”, popularized first by Marshall McLuhan’s concept of “the global
    village”, and now occurring constantly in “global warming”.