Неопределенные интегралы. Желтухин В.С. - 4 стр.

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F (x) f(x)
Z
f(x) dx = F (x) + C .
a
Z
a · f(x) dx = a ·
Z
f(x) dx.
Z
[f(x) ± g(x)]dx =
Z
f(x) dx ±
Z
g(x) dx.
Z
f(t) dt = F (t) + C,
Z
f(ax + b) dx =
1
a
F (ax + b) + C
Z
f(x + b) dx = F (x + b) + C;
Z
f(ax) dx =
1
a
F (ax) + C.
Z
(6x
2
3x + 5) dx
Z
(6x
2
3x + 5) dx =
Z
6x
2
dx
Z
3x dx +
Z
5 dx,
Z
6x
2
dx
Z
3x dx +
Z
5 dx = 6
Z
x
2
dx 3
Z
x dx + 5
Z
dx,
     Êàæäàÿ ôîðìóëà äèôôåðåíöèàëüíîãî èñ÷èñëåíèÿ, óñòàíàâëè-
âàþùàÿ, ÷òî äëÿ íåêîòîðîé ôóíêöèè F (x) ïðîèçâîäíîé áóäåò f (x),
ïðèâîäèò ê ñîîòâåòñòâóþùåé ôîðìóëå èíòåãðàëüíîãî èñ÷èñëåíèÿ
                                   Z
                                       f (x) dx = F (x) + C.

Ïåðåáðàâ ôîðìóëû, ïî êîòîðûì âû÷èñëÿþòñÿ ïðîèçâîäíûå ýëåìåí-
òàðíûõ ôóíêöèé, è äîáàâèâ íåêîòîðûå ôîðìóëû, âûâåäåííûå äàëü-
øå, ìîæíî ñîñòàâèòü òàáëèöó èíòåãðàëîâ (ñì. òàáë. 1).

Ïðàâèëà èíòåãðèðîâàíèÿ
  I) Åñëè a  ïðîèçâîëüíàÿ ïîñòîÿííàÿ, òî
                                Z                                Z
                                       a · f (x) dx = a ·              f (x) dx.

       Z                               Z                     Z
 II)       [f (x) ± g(x)]dx =              f (x) dx ±            g(x) dx.
                 Z                                   Z
                                                                                   1
III) Åñëè             f (t) dt = F (t) + C, òî           f (ax + b) dx =             F (ax + b) + C .
                                                                                   a

       ×àñòíûå ñëó÷àè:
                 Z
       (a)           f (x + b) dx = F (x + b) + C;
                 Z
                                   1
       (b)           f (ax) dx =     F (ax) + C.
                                   a
       Ðàññìîòðèì ïðèìåíåíèå ïðàâèë èíòåãðèðîâàíèÿ íà ïðèìåðàõ.
                                                             Z
Ï ð è ì å ð 1. Âû÷èñëèòü èíòåãðàë                                    (6x2 − 3x + 5) dx.
       . Ïðèìåíèì ñíà÷àëà ïðàâèëî II:
          Z                    Z        Z       Z
            (6x2 − 3x + 5) dx = 6x2 dx − 3x dx + 5 dx,

çàòåì ïðàâèëî I:
   Z                   Z               Z                 Z                  Z              Z
             2                                                   2
       6x dx −             3x dx +         5 dx = 6          x dx − 3           x dx + 5       dx,

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