Английский язык. Жесткова М.В - 112 стр.

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“car-flavored marmalade”.
Machine translation has come a long way since then. Computer translation systems are now widely used
for various purposes. But although the efficiency of machine translation is rapidly improving, there is no
question of human translators being made redundant. On the contrary, people and machines work together in
harmony.
Today’s computers are of little value in translating literary works, where subtlety is vital; or the spoken
language, which tends to be ungrammatical; or important texts, where absolute accuracy is essential. But for
routine technical reports, working papers, and the like, which take up so much of the translation workload of
the international organizations, computers are likely to play an increasing role. The method of operation will
probably be for the machines to make a rough version, which the translator will then edit, correcting obvious
errors, and where necessary referring back to the original.
If machines can translate languages, could they teach languages? Yes, say enthusiasts, although they doubt
that the teacher could ever be totally replaced by a machine in the classroom. Good old teachers know best!
Ex.23. Answer the following questions and give the reason why you answer in this way, using
words and word combinations given in the box.
What would you prefer (what would you rather do):
1) Communicate with a person or a computer? 2) Learn a foreign language with the help of a
computer or a teacher? 3) Have a diagnosis stated by a computer or a doctor? 4) Have your marriage
arranged by your friend or by a computer? 5) Play chess (games) with a person or a computer?
heartless unfeeling soulless indifferent inhuman
liable to error/ subject to error to provide an enormous variety of choice
to reduce the element of risk it depends
TEXT C
Read and translate the following text using a dictionary.
VIRUSES AND VACCINES
The terms viruses and vaccines have entered the jargon of the computer industry to describe some of the
bad things that can happen to computer systems and programs. Unpleasant occurrences like the March 6, 1991,
attack of the Michelangelo virus will be with us for years to come. In fact, you need to check your IBM or
IBM-compatible personal computer for the presence of Michelangelo before March 6 every year – or risk
losing all the data on your hard disk when you turn on your machine that day. And Macintosh users need to do
the same for another intruder, the Jerusalem virus, before each Friday the 13
th
, or risk a similar fate for their
data.
A virus as its name suggests, is contagious. It is a set of illicit instructions that infects other programs and
may spread rapidly. The Michelangelo virus went worldwide within a year. Some types of viruses include the
worm, a program that spreads by replicating itself; the bomb, the program intended to sabotage a computer;
and the Trojan horse, a program that covertly places illegal, destructive instructions in the middle of a
legitimate program.
Although viruses can be destructive, some are quite benign; one simply displays a peace message on the
screen on a given data. Others may merely be a nuisance, like the Ping-pong virus that bounces a “Ping-pong
ball” around your screen while you are working. But a few could result in disaster for your disk, as in the case
of Michelangelo.
There have been occasions when commercial software was released with a virus, but these situations are
rare. Viruses tend to show up most often on free software acquired from friends. So before any diskette can be
used with a computer system, it should be scanned for infection.
A virus may be dealt with by means of a vaccine, or antivirus, program that stops the spread of the virus
and often eradicates it. The drawback of the antivirus program is that once you buy this type of software, you
must continuously pay the price for upgrades as new viruses are discovered.

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