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11
The chemistry students study general education subjects, such as
philosophy, political economy, foreign languages and so on. The syllabus
also offers a wide range of special courses. Acquiring skills in research is
the major goal of the final stage of the chemistry program.
From the very beginning many students start their research work
under the supervision of highly qualified specialists. They make a deeper
investigation of the problems being studied, get used to a going collective
research and develop instruments and apparatus.
The student does research mainly for his graduation paper, which
reflects the knowledge and practical skills, he has gained in his special
field. It is, as a rule, a small research project carried out by the student
under the guidance of a supervisor. Then the student submits his gradua-
tion paper and defends it before an examination board. If he does this
with honors he may be recommended to take postgraduate course.
After graduating from the university graduates may become teach-
ers at school, research workers, or may help to control great industrial
processes, to develop new ones; we may also collaborate with medical
workers in the control of disease. A person who chooses chemistry as a
profession does not thereby place narrow limitation on what he will do
with his life. Chemists and chemical engineers are needed for many ac-
tivities.
II. Answer the question to the text.
1. When may student be recommended to take postgraduate
course?
2. How is the academic year divided?
3. What is the main aim of the first stage of the chemistry pro-
gram?
4. In what branches of industry may you work after graduating
from the University?
5. How many chairs are there at the chemical department of the
University? And what are they?
III. Retell the text.
12
TOPIC 2
I. Read and translate this text.
MENDELEYEV
Dmitry Ivanovich Mendeleyev, the greatest Russian scientist, the
father of the Periodic Table of Elements, was born in Tobolsk in 1834 in
the family of director of the town gymnasium. He received a secondary
education at Tobolsk gymnasium. At the age of 16 he finished school and
went to Petersburg where he entered the Pedagogical Institute and gradu-
ated from it with gold medal in 1855.
After graduation Mendeleyev worked as a teacher for two years,
first in Simferopol and Odessa gymnasiums. In 1859 Mendeleyev re-
ceived his Master’s Degree and went abroad on two-year scientific com-
mission. In 1860 he took part in the World Chemical Congress in
Karlsruhe, Germany.
When Mendeleyev returned to Russia he was elected professor of
the Petersburg University, where he carried on scientific and pedagogical
activities, for twenty years. His lectures on chemistry were always inter-
esting and the students of that time listened to them with great interest
and attention. Besides lectures Mendeleyev made a lot of experiments
and later analyzed them.
Mendeleyev described more than 60 elements and found that all
the elements could be divided into nine groups. Each of these groups
may be divided into five rows. The elements of one group possess more
or less similar properties. In 1869 Mendeleyev published his Periodic
Table of Elements which began a new era in chemical thought.
Mendeleyev paid much attention to many other objects. He was the
first to put forward the idea of studying the upper layers of the atmos-
phere. Mendeleyev always combined theory and practice. He gave a
great deal of attention throughout his life to the development of the in-
dustry in Russia. He wrote: “Science and industry – there lie my
dreams!”
In 1893 Mendeleyev was appointed director of the Bureau of
Weights and Measures. He was elected member of many academies
abroad. He died in 1907.
The chemistry students study general education subjects, such as TOPIC 2
philosophy, political economy, foreign languages and so on. The syllabus
I. Read and translate this text.
also offers a wide range of special courses. Acquiring skills in research is
the major goal of the final stage of the chemistry program.
MENDELEYEV
From the very beginning many students start their research work
under the supervision of highly qualified specialists. They make a deeper Dmitry Ivanovich Mendeleyev, the greatest Russian scientist, the
investigation of the problems being studied, get used to a going collective father of the Periodic Table of Elements, was born in Tobolsk in 1834 in
research and develop instruments and apparatus. the family of director of the town gymnasium. He received a secondary
The student does research mainly for his graduation paper, which education at Tobolsk gymnasium. At the age of 16 he finished school and
reflects the knowledge and practical skills, he has gained in his special went to Petersburg where he entered the Pedagogical Institute and gradu-
field. It is, as a rule, a small research project carried out by the student ated from it with gold medal in 1855.
under the guidance of a supervisor. Then the student submits his gradua- After graduation Mendeleyev worked as a teacher for two years,
tion paper and defends it before an examination board. If he does this first in Simferopol and Odessa gymnasiums. In 1859 Mendeleyev re-
with honors he may be recommended to take postgraduate course. ceived his Master’s Degree and went abroad on two-year scientific com-
After graduating from the university graduates may become teach- mission. In 1860 he took part in the World Chemical Congress in
ers at school, research workers, or may help to control great industrial Karlsruhe, Germany.
processes, to develop new ones; we may also collaborate with medical When Mendeleyev returned to Russia he was elected professor of
workers in the control of disease. A person who chooses chemistry as a the Petersburg University, where he carried on scientific and pedagogical
profession does not thereby place narrow limitation on what he will do activities, for twenty years. His lectures on chemistry were always inter-
with his life. Chemists and chemical engineers are needed for many ac- esting and the students of that time listened to them with great interest
tivities. and attention. Besides lectures Mendeleyev made a lot of experiments
and later analyzed them.
II. Answer the question to the text. Mendeleyev described more than 60 elements and found that all
1. When may student be recommended to take postgraduate the elements could be divided into nine groups. Each of these groups
course? may be divided into five rows. The elements of one group possess more
2. How is the academic year divided? or less similar properties. In 1869 Mendeleyev published his Periodic
3. What is the main aim of the first stage of the chemistry pro- Table of Elements which began a new era in chemical thought.
gram? Mendeleyev paid much attention to many other objects. He was the
4. In what branches of industry may you work after graduating first to put forward the idea of studying the upper layers of the atmos-
from the University? phere. Mendeleyev always combined theory and practice. He gave a
5. How many chairs are there at the chemical department of the great deal of attention throughout his life to the development of the in-
University? And what are they? dustry in Russia. He wrote: “Science and industry – there lie my
dreams!”
III. Retell the text. In 1893 Mendeleyev was appointed director of the Bureau of
Weights and Measures. He was elected member of many academies
abroad. He died in 1907.
11 12
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