Квантовая теория двойного и тройного деления атомных ядер. Кадменский С.Г - 40 стр.

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40
ɫɩɢɧɨɦ
3
0J . Ⱥɦɩɥɢɬɭɞɚ ɩɚɪɰɢɚɥɶɧɨɣ ɲɢɪɢɧɵ
s
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J
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qK
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D
* ɬɪɨɣɧɨɝɨ
ɞɟɥɟɧɢɹ ɜ ɤɚɧɚɥ
D
ɨɩɪɟɞɟɥɹɟɬɫɹ ɮɨɪɦɭɥɨɣ, ɚɧɚɥɨɝɢɱɧɨɣ (50).
ɉɪɢ ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɧɢɢ ɤɚɧɚɥɨɜɨɣ ɮɭɧɤɰɢɢ
s
J
M
U
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D
, ɩɪɟɨɛɪɚɡɨɜɚɧɧɨɣ ɜ
ɜ. ɫ., ɮɨɪɦɭɥɵ
(50), ɩɪɢ ɭɱɟɬɟ ɚɞɢɚɛɚɬɢɱɟɫɤɨɝɨ ɩɪɢɛɥɢɠɟɧɢɹ ɜɵɪɚɠɟɧɢɟ
ɞɥɹ ɚɫɢɦɩɬɨɬɢɱɟɫɤɨɣ ɜɨɥɧɨɜɨɣ ɮɭɧɤɰɢɢ
as
s
s
JM
qK
S
< ɦɨɞɵ ɞɟɥɟɧɢɹ q
ɩɪɢɧɢɦɚɟɬ ɜɢɞ [24], ɚɧɚɥɨɝɢɱɧɵɣ (51). ɉɪɢ ɩɨɞɫɬɚɧɨɜɤɟ (51) ɫ ɭɱɟɬɨɦ (8) ɜ
ɮɨɪɦɭɥɭ
(57) ɦɨɠɧɨ ɪɚɫɫɱɢɬɚɬɶ ɚɫɢɦɩɬɨɬɢɱɟɫɤɨɟ ɩɨɜɟɞɟɧɢɟ ɜɨɥɧɨɜɨɣ
ɮɭɧɤɰɢɢ
I
s
IM
m
A
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. ȼɜɨɞɹ ɦɧɨɝɨɦɟɪɧɵɣ ɨɩɟɪɚɬɨɪ ɩɥɨɬɧɨɫɬɢ ɩɨɬɨɤɚ ɱɚɫɬɢɰ
U
j
ɜ ɧɚɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɢɢ ɪɚɞɢɭɫɚ-ɜɟɤɬɨɪɚ ȡ ɢ ɩɪɨɜɨɞɹ ɟɝɨ ɢɧɬɟɝɪɢɪɨɜɚɧɢɟ ɩɨ
ɜɧɭɬɪɟɧɧɢɦ ɤɨɨɪɞɢɧɚɬɚɦ
1
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,
2
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,
3
[
ɩɪɨɞɭɤɬɨɜ ɬɪɨɣɧɨɝɨ ɞɟɥɟɧɢɹ ɢ ɭɝɥɚɦ
ɗɣɥɟɪɚ
Z
, ɦɨɠɧɨ ɩɨɥɭɱɢɬɶ ɜɟɥɢɱɢɧɭ
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0
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::
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ɞɢɮɮɟɪɟɧɰɢɚɥɶɧɵɦ ɫɟɱɟɧɢɟɦ
3
dddd
VH
::
Rr
ɪɟɚɤɰɢɢ

,nf ɞɥɹ
ɜɨɥɧɨɜɨɝɨ ɜɟɤɬɨɪɚ ɧɚɥɟɬɚɸɳɟɝɨ ɧɟɣɬɪɨɧɚ
n
k ɫɨɨɬɧɨɲɟɧɢɟɦ

3
0
2
4
,,
n
d
B
ddd
k
VS
H
H
::
::
Rr
Rr
(59)
ɢ ɨɩɪɟɞɟɥɹɟɦɭɸ ɤɚɤ
 
'' '
'
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0
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,, ,,,
sss s ss
ss s s s
ss s
JJJ J sJsJ
KKsqKsqK qK
ss J J qK
BaabbB
SS
HH
:: ::
¦
Rr Rr
(60)
ɝɞɟ

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'' '
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2
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2'
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,,
ss ss s
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m
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sJ s J J J J
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s
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L
qK
c
JJ
BdF hh
Ff
HZ Z
S
TH

:: u
u:
³
¦
Rr
RrR
(61)
 
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1,
ss ss s s
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MM
KMKMK
MM
JJ K
JJ
MK M K
FDD
DD
ZZ
ZZ


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¦
(62)

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,,,,
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ss
s
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ll
JJ
cl cl sJ s J
faaYYPll
Pl l
OO
OO
OO
TH T T OH
OH G G G
u
u
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rR rR rR
(63)
ɚɮɚɡɚ
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JsJ
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ɨɩɪɟɞɟɥɟɧɚ ɤɚɤ
                                                                                                                              J SM
ɫɩɢɧɨɦ J 3                  0 . Ⱥɦɩɥɢɬɭɞɚ ɩɚɪɰɢɚɥɶɧɨɣ ɲɢɪɢɧɵ                                                                * qKs D     ɬɪɨɣɧɨɝɨ
                                                                                                                                s
ɞɟɥɟɧɢɹ ɜ ɤɚɧɚɥ D ɨɩɪɟɞɟɥɹɟɬɫɹ ɮɨɪɦɭɥɨɣ, ɚɧɚɥɨɝɢɱɧɨɣ (50).
       ɉɪɢ ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɧɢɢ ɤɚɧɚɥɨɜɨɣ ɮɭɧɤɰɢɢ UDJ sS M , ɩɪɟɨɛɪɚɡɨɜɚɧɧɨɣ ɜ
ɜ. ɫ., ɮɨɪɦɭɥɵ (50), ɩɪɢ ɭɱɟɬɟ ɚɞɢɚɛɚɬɢɱɟɫɤɨɝɨ ɩɪɢɛɥɢɠɟɧɢɹ ɜɵɪɚɠɟɧɢɟ
                                                                                                         J SM
ɞɥɹ ɚɫɢɦɩɬɨɬɢɱɟɫɤɨɣ ɜɨɥɧɨɜɨɣ ɮɭɧɤɰɢɢ                                                             < qKs                      ɦɨɞɵ ɞɟɥɟɧɢɹ q
                                                                                                             s       as
ɩɪɢɧɢɦɚɟɬ ɜɢɞ [24], ɚɧɚɥɨɝɢɱɧɵɣ (51). ɉɪɢ ɩɨɞɫɬɚɧɨɜɤɟ (51) ɫ ɭɱɟɬɨɦ (8) ɜ
ɮɨɪɦɭɥɭ (57) ɦɨɠɧɨ ɪɚɫɫɱɢɬɚɬɶ ɚɫɢɦɩɬɨɬɢɱɟɫɤɨɟ ɩɨɜɟɞɟɧɢɟ ɜɨɥɧɨɜɨɣ
ɮɭɧɤɰɢɢ AmI S M I . ȼɜɨɞɹ ɦɧɨɝɨɦɟɪɧɵɣ ɨɩɟɪɚɬɨɪ ɩɥɨɬɧɨɫɬɢ ɩɨɬɨɤɚ ɱɚɫɬɢɰ
                       s
jU ɜ ɧɚɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɢɢ ɪɚɞɢɭɫɚ-ɜɟɤɬɨɪɚ ȡ ɢ ɩɪɨɜɨɞɹ ɟɝɨ ɢɧɬɟɝɪɢɪɨɜɚɧɢɟ ɩɨ
ɜɧɭɬɪɟɧɧɢɦ ɤɨɨɪɞɢɧɚɬɚɦ [1 , [ 2 , [3 ɩɪɨɞɭɤɬɨɜ ɬɪɨɣɧɨɝɨ ɞɟɥɟɧɢɹ ɢ ɭɝɥɚɦ
ɗɣɥɟɪɚ Z , ɦɨɠɧɨ ɩɨɥɭɱɢɬɶ ɜɟɥɢɱɢɧɭ B 0 : R , :r , H , ɫɜɹɡɚɧɧɭɸ ɫ
ɞɢɮɮɟɪɟɧɰɢɚɥɶɧɵɦ ɫɟɱɟɧɢɟɦ d 3V d : R d :r d H ɪɟɚɤɰɢɢ                                                                                 n, f        ɞɥɹ
ɜɨɥɧɨɜɨɝɨ ɜɟɤɬɨɪɚ ɧɚɥɟɬɚɸɳɟɝɨ ɧɟɣɬɪɨɧɚ kn ɫɨɨɬɧɨɲɟɧɢɟɦ
                                                    d 3V                             4S
                                                                                           B 0 : R , :r , H                                       (59)
                                                d : R d :r d H                       kn2
 ɢ ɨɩɪɟɞɟɥɹɟɦɭɸ ɤɚɤ
                                                                 J           J       J S       J S           sJ s ' J s '
           B 0 : R , :r , H                      ¦              aKs aKs ' bsqK
                                                                             s b s'
                                                                                s ' qK BqK
                                                                                          s                                 : R , :r , H ,        (60)
                                                                     s           s         s             s       s
                                          ss ' J s J s ' qK s
 ɝɞɟ
             sJ s ' J s '                                         J Js'                        2J s  1 2J s '  1                      J
           BqKs             : R , :r , H             ³ dZ FKss                       Z                           2
                                                                                                                                hsJ s hs 's ' u
                  s                                                                                      16S                                      (61)
                                      sJ s ' J
           uFL2m      :'R     ¦    f qKs s '           TrR , H ,
                                        s
                             c

                                                 ' ^ DMK s
                         Js Js'             Js Js'    *J s                              Js'
                        FK
                           s
                                        ¦ U MM                                       Z DM 'K Z      s
                                      MM '                                                                                                        (62)
                         1
                                  Js  J s ' 2Ks           *J
                                                        DM s K Z DMs '' K Z ,
                                                                         s
                                                                                           J
                                                                                                 s
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   sJ s ' J s '
 f qKs
       s
                  TrR , H           ¦          acl O acl ' O 'Yl 0 TrR Yl '0 TrR P l , l , O , H u
                                  l Ol ' O '                                                                                                      (63)
uP l ', l ', O ', H cos         G clJ O     G clJ ' O '    G sJ s s ' J s ' ,
 ɚ ɮɚɡɚ G sJ s s ' J s ' ɨɩɪɟɞɟɥɟɧɚ ɤɚɤ



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