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take off (1) remove (clothing). Bob took off his coat because he was getting warm. (2) leave the
ground and rise (of aircraft). Flight attendants will serve drinks after the plane takes off. (3) be absent from
work. I need to take a few days off to catch up on my domestic chores. (4) deduct, reduce the price/cost. You
forgot to take the value of the coupon off my bill.
take over take control. Yesterday, when the basement flooded, Linda took over the entire cleaning op-
eration.
take out (1) remove, extract. What do you use to take out oil stains from a wool fabric? (2) prepared
food bought in a restaurant but eaten at home. We decided to get take out instead of cooking this evening.
take part in participate. Many volunteers took part in the clean-up efforts in Florida.
take place occur, happen. When does the English test take place?
take up (1) begin, undertake. Can you believe that Harold took up dancing at his age? (2) occupy
space or time. These old phone books should be thrown out because they take up too much room on the
shelves.
talk (something) over discuss. After I talk it over with my wife, I'll let you know whether this price is ac-
ceptable.
tear down demolish, reduce to nothing. The old theater building was torn down in 1968.
tell (one) from (another); tell apart distinguish between. The Steiner brothers look so much alike that I
cannot tell Mark from Bruce. Identical twins can be difficult to tell apart.
that is say something more exactly, express better. Peter left; that is, he has gone, and he is not
coming back.
think of (1) have an opinion about (something). What do you think of the new president? (2) consider.
Karen has been thinking of opening her own business. (3) give attention to. The school year is almost over,
and you need to think of preparing for your final exams.
think (something) over consider/think carefully before deciding/doing (something). Nancy told the re-
cruiter that she would like to think his offer over for a day or two.
time off period of vacation, release from work, time away for oneself. Nick hasn't had any time off
this year, he must be ready for a vacation.
throw away/out discard, get rid of. Paper should be recycled instead of being thrown away.
turn down (1) decrease volume/intensity. Could you turn down your radio? (2) reject [frequently used
in the passive]. Although Paul did his best during the interview, his application for admission was turned
down.
turn in (1) hand in/submit an assignment. The test has to be turned in before the bell. (2) go to bed.
Although it's only 8 o'clock, I'm so tired that I'm going to turn in.
turn off (1) shut off, close, stop. Don't forget to turn off the fan before you leave. (2) repel, something
that repels (noun or verb). The smell of raw meat turns me off.
turn on let flow, open, let come. To turn on the hot water, you need to open the valve.
turn out (1) extinguish (a light). The last person to leave has to turn out the lights. (2) turn out at-
tendance. There was an impressive turnout at the lecture on global warming.
turn up (1) increase volume/intensity. If you turn up the volume, you'll be able to hear better. (2) ap-
pear. The 20-dollar bill that we couldn't find two days ago has turned up in the washing machine.
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