Английский язык. Конова М.А. - 62 стр.

     The Russian Customs Service, however, predates even the Mongol Yoke.
Some three centuries before, in Kievan Rus, taxes were collected for the
transportation of goods through the frontiers of its individual princedoms.
     Thus, Russia has had a Customs Service in some form for the past 1000 years.
The first Russian Customs statute was handed down in 1667. It was strict towards
foreigners, who were allowed to trade only in frontier towns on pain of
confiscation. Every tsar, from Peter the Great to Nicolas II, approved laws limiting
the import of foreign goods and defending Russian producers.
     During the Soviet period foreign trade was strictly monopolized in the USSR
and Customs neither had any significant function in the economy or played any
important role.
     Much was done to create Customs legislation in Russia in the period 1991- 94.
Two important laws were adopted: “The Customs Code of the Russian Federation”
and ”On Customs Tariff”. All provisions and regulations in these documents are of
the world standard.
     Russia has the world’s longest border to police, much of it newly created and
has a modern, multi-functioning Customs Service. It carries out the same functions
as the Customs of other developed countries: fiscal functions, regulation oа foreign
trade by means of tariff and non-tariff methods, law enforcement, collection and
keeping of customs statistics concerning foreign trade, etc.
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     10.2.1 Give the English equivalents of the following collocations:

fiscal function                customs legislation          non-tariff method
law enforcement                tariff method                foreign trade regulation



    10.2.2 Find in the text the words which follow the verbs below:
to collect            to keep out             to approve            to limit
to defend             to bring                to create             to carry out

   10.2.3 Find the words/phrases in the text which have the following
meanings:

   1)   to give, to pass         5) function of public revenue
   2)   to show the truth of     6) benefit, profit
   3)   borders                  7) to adopt (a law)
   4)   at the risk of           8) renewal of friendly relations

    10.2.4 What words in the text mean: