Неличные формы английского глагола. Коптева Н.Ю. - 40 стр.

Exercise 5. Join the two sentences using the proper Participle
            form.
1. The atom has been excited to a higher level. The atom emits a
   quantum of radiation.
2. The electron has sufficient energy. The electron may cause
   ionization.
3. The two charges, instead of one, move towards the anode. The
   two charges, instead of one, contribute to the current.
4. The potential difference is maintained high. The potential
   difference can make all electrons move towards the anode.
5. Ionization of the atom is due to an electron of high energy.
   Ionization of the atom results in the production of a positive
   ion and another electron.
Exercise 6. Use the corresponding Participle Construction instead
              of the clause.
1. Since the atom is much heavier than the electron, the speed
   of the latter is barely affected.
2. When the atom is excited to a higher level, it can emit a
   quantum of radiation.
3. When a fast particle penetrates through the window of mica,
   ionization occurs.
4. If the field is reduced much, it can no longer maitain the
   discharge.
5. If the field is reduced much, the discharge ceases.
6. Once the discharge is initiated, it spreads along the whole
   length of the diode.
7. Once the atom is excited to a higher level, a quantum of
   radiation results.

                     THE GERUND

           Forms and functions of the Gerund
Exercise 1. Change as in the Pattern.
Pattern: There is no reason for my experimenting. What do you
         think?
         — I think I have no reason for experimenting. There’s
         no reason for his experimenting.
         What does he think?
         — He thinks he has no reason for experimenting.

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