Введение в технологию программирования. Ч.1. Среда объектно-ориентированного программирования Delphi. Коржов Е.Н - 39 стр.

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39
– *.pas – ɮɚɣɥ ɩɪɨɝɪɚɦɦɧɨɝɨ ɦɨɞɭɥɹ;
– *.dfm – ɮɚɣɥ ɮɨɪɦɵ;
– *.dcu – ɮɚɣɥɵ ɨɬɤɨɦɩɢɥɢɪɨɜɚɧɧɨɣ ɜɟɪɫɢɢ ɩɪɨɝɪɚɦɦɧɨɝɨ ɦɨɞɭɥɹ;
– *.res – ɮɚɣɥ ɪɟɫɭɪɫɨɜ (ɫɨɞɟɪɠɢɬ ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɭɟɦɭɸ ɩɪɨɟɤɬɨɦ ɩɢɤɬɨɝɪɚɦɦɭ);
– *.cfg – ɨɬɤɨɦɩɢɥɢɪɨɜɚɧɧɵɣ ɮɚɣɥ ɧɚɫɬɪɨɟɤ ɩɪɨɟɤɬɚ;
– *.dof – ɬɟɤɫɬɨɜɵɣ ɮɚɣɥ ɧɚɫɬɪɨɟɤ ɩɪɨɟɤɬɚ;
– *.§dpr, *.§pas, *.§dfm – ɮɚɣɥɵ ɪɟɡɟɪɜɧɵɯ ɤɨɩɢɣ ɩɪɨɟɤɬɚ, ɩɪɨɝɪɚɦɦɧɨ-
ɝɨ ɦɨɞɭɥɹ, ɮɨɪɦɵ;
– *.exe – ɢɫɩɨɥɧɹɟɦɵɣ ɮɚɣɥ ɩɪɢɥɨɠɟɧɢɹ.
ȼɟɪɧɢɬɟɫɶ ɜ Delphi.
2. Ɏɚɣɥ ɩɪɨɟɤɬɚ
– ɑɬɨɛɵ ɭɜɢɞɟɬɶ ɫɨɞɟɪɠɢɦɨɟ ɩɪɨɝɪɚɦɦɵ ɩɪɨɟɤɬɚ, ɳɟɥɤɧɢɬɟ ɩɨ ɨɩ-
ɰɢɢ Project /View Source ɝɥɚɜɧɨɝɨ ɦɟɧɸ. Ɉɡɧɚɤɨɦɶɬɟɫɶ ɫ ɫɨɞɟɪɠɢɦɵɦ
ɩɪɨɝɪɚɦɦɵ.
– ȼɵɡɨɜɢɬɟ ɤɨɧɬɟɤɫɬɧɨɟ ɦɟɧɸ ɢ ɜɵɛɟɪɢɬɟ ɨɩɰɢɸ Close Page. Ɏɚɣɥ
ɩɪɨɟɤɬɚ ɩɨɥɧɨɫɬɶɸ ɮɨɪɦɢɪɭɟɬɫɹ Delphi ɢ ɧɟ ɩɪɟɞɧɚɡɧɚɱɟɧ ɞɥɹ ɪɟɞɚɤɬɢɪɨ-
ɜɚɧɢɹ.
3. Ɏɚɣɥ ɩɪɨɝɪɚɦɦɧɨɝɨ ɦɨɞɭɥɹ
Ⱦɥɹ ɤɚɠɞɨɣ ɮɨɪɦɵ, ɜɤɥɸɱɚɟɦɨɣ ɜ ɩɪɨɟɤɬ, ɫɨɡɞɚɟɬɫɹ ɨɬɞɟɥɶɧɵɣ ɦɨ-
ɞɭɥɶ. ȼ ɷɬɨɦ ɮɚɣɥɟ ɯɪɚɧɢɬɫɹ ɤɨɞ, ɤɨɬɨɪɵɣ ɜɵ ɩɢɲɢɬɟ ɜ ɩɪɨɰɟɫɫɟ ɫɨɡɞɚɧɢɹ
ɩɪɢɥɨɠɟɧɢɹ, – ɨɛɴɹɜɥɟɧɢɹ ɩɟɪɟɦɟɧɧɵɯ, ɬɢɩɨɜ, ɤɨɞ ɨɛɪɚɛɨɬɱɢɤɨɜ ɫɨɨɛɳɟ-
ɧɢɣ ɞɥɹ ɢɧɬɟɪɮɟɣɫɧɵɯ ɷɥɟɦɟɧɬɨɜ, ɞɨɩɨɥɧɢɬɟɥɶɧɵɣ ɤɨɞ ɢ ɬ. ɩ. ȼ ɩɪɨɟɤɬ
ɦɨɠɧɨ ɜɤɥɸɱɚɬɶ ɢ ɦɨɞɭɥɢ, ɧɟ ɫɜɹɡɚɧɧɵɟ ɫ ɮɨɪɦɚɦɢ.
ȼɧɢɦɚɬɟɥɶɧɨ ɩɪɨ-
ɫɦɨɬɪɢɬɟ ɤɨɞ ɩɪɨɝɪɚɦɦɧɨɝɨ ɦɨɞɭɥɹ ɢ ɨɩɪɟɞɟɥɢɬɟ ɫɦɵɫɥ ɤɚɠɞɨɣ ɫɬɪɨɤɢ.
4. Ɏɚɣɥ ɮɨɪɦɵ
ɏɪɚɧɢɬ ɢɧɮɨɪɦɚɰɢɸ ɨ ɮɨɪɦɟ. ɗɬɨɬ ɮɚɣɥ ɛɢɧɚɪɧɵɣ, ɢ ɨɧ ɩɨɞɤɥɸɱɚɟɬ-
ɫɹ ɤ ɢɫɩɨɥɧɹɟɦɨɦɭ ɮɚɣɥɭ ɜ ɦɨɦɟɧɬ ɤɨɦɩɢɥɹɰɢɢ ɩɪɨɝɪɚɦɦɵ.
– ɉɪɨɫɦɨɬɪɢɬɟ ɫɨɞɟɪɠɢɦɨɟ ɮɚɣɥɚ ɮɨɪɦɵ. Ⱦɥɹ ɷɬɨɝɨ ɜɵɩɨɥɧɢɬɟ ɤɨ-
ɦɚɧɞɭ File/Open ɢ ɜɵɛɟɪɢɬɟ ɬɢɩ ɮɚɣɥ dfm. Ɉɬɤɪɨɣɬɟ ɥɸɛɨɣ ɮɚɣɥ ɮɨɪ-
ɦɵ.
Ɏɚɣɥ ɮɨɪɦɵ – ɷɬɨ ɫɩɢɫɨɤ ɫɜɨɣɫɬɜ ɜɫɟɯ ɤɨɦɩɨɧɟɧɬɨɜ, ɜɤɥɸɱɟɧɧɵɯ ɜ
ɮɨɪɦɭ, ɡɧɚɱɟɧɢɹ ɤɨɬɨɪɵɯ ɛɵɥɢ ɢɡɦɟɧɟɧɵ ɩɨ ɫɪɚɜɧɟɧɢɸ ɫɨ ɡɧɚɱɟɧɢɹɦɢ, ɡɚ-
ɞɚɧɧɵɦɢ ɩɨ ɭɦɨɥɱɚɧɢɸ ɜ ɤɨɧɫɬɪɭɤɬɨɪɟ ɫɨɨɬɜɟɬɫɬɜɭɸɳɟɝɨ ɨɛɴɟɤɬɚ.
– ȼɵɡɨɜɢɬɟ ɤɨɧɬɟɤɫɬɧɨɟ ɦɟɧɸ ɢ ɜɵɛɟɪɢɬɟ ɨɩɰɢɸ Close Page.
5. Ƚɪɭɩɩɚ ɩɪɨɟɤɬɨɜ
ȼ Delphi ɦɨɠɟɬ ɫɭɳɟɫɬɜɨɜɚɬɶ ɝɪɭɩɩɚ ɩɪɨɟɤɬɨɜ, ɤɨɬɨɪɚɹ ɨɛɴɟɞɢɧɹɟɬ
ɞɥɹ ɫɨɜɦɟɫɬɧɨɣ ɪɚɡɪɚɛɨɬɤɢ ɧɟɫɤɨɥɶɤɨ ɩɪɨɟɤɬɨɜ. Ɏɚɣɥ ɝɪɭɩɩɵ ɩɪɨɟɤɬɨɜ
ɢɦɟɟɬ ɪɚɫɲɢɪɟɧɢɟ bpg ɢ ɩɪɟɞɫɬɚɜɥɹɟɬ ɫɨɛɨɣ ɬɟɤɫɬɨɜɵɣ ɮɚɣɥ ɫ ɫɢɫɬɟɦɧɨɣ
ɢɧɮɨɪɦɚɰɢɟɣ ɢ ɨɩɢɫɚɧɢɟɦ ɩɪɨɟɤɬɨɜ, ɜɯɨɞɹɳɢɯ ɜ ɝɪɭɩɩɭ. ɋɬɪɨɝɨ ɝɨɜɨɪɹ,
ɟɞɢɧɢɱɧɵɣ ɩɪɨɟɤɬ ɧɚ ɫɚɦɨɦ ɞɟɥɟ ɹɜɥɹɟɬɫɹ ɝɪɭɩɩɨɣ ɩɪɨɟɤɬɨɜ, ɫɨɞɟɪɠɚɳɟɣ
ɜɫɟɝɨ ɨɞɢɧ ɷɥɟɦɟɧɬ. ȼ ɷɬɨɦ ɥɟɝɤɨ ɭɛɟɞɢɬɶɫɹ, ɡɚɝɥɹɧɭɜ ɜ ɦɟɧɟɞɠɟɪ ɩɪɨɟɤɬɚ
  – *.pas – ɮɚɣɥ ɩɪɨɝɪɚɦɦɧɨɝɨ ɦɨɞɭɥɹ;
  – *.dfm – ɮɚɣɥ ɮɨɪɦɵ;
  – *.dcu – ɮɚɣɥɵ ɨɬɤɨɦɩɢɥɢɪɨɜɚɧɧɨɣ ɜɟɪɫɢɢ ɩɪɨɝɪɚɦɦɧɨɝɨ ɦɨɞɭɥɹ;
  – *.res – ɮɚɣɥ ɪɟɫɭɪɫɨɜ (ɫɨɞɟɪɠɢɬ ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɭɟɦɭɸ ɩɪɨɟɤɬɨɦ ɩɢɤɬɨɝɪɚɦɦɭ);
  – *.cfg – ɨɬɤɨɦɩɢɥɢɪɨɜɚɧɧɵɣ ɮɚɣɥ ɧɚɫɬɪɨɟɤ ɩɪɨɟɤɬɚ;
  – *.dof – ɬɟɤɫɬɨɜɵɣ ɮɚɣɥ ɧɚɫɬɪɨɟɤ ɩɪɨɟɤɬɚ;
  – *.§dpr, *.§pas, *.§dfm – ɮɚɣɥɵ ɪɟɡɟɪɜɧɵɯ ɤɨɩɢɣ ɩɪɨɟɤɬɚ, ɩɪɨɝɪɚɦɦɧɨ-
           ɝɨ ɦɨɞɭɥɹ, ɮɨɪɦɵ;
  – *.exe – ɢɫɩɨɥɧɹɟɦɵɣ ɮɚɣɥ ɩɪɢɥɨɠɟɧɢɹ.
ȼɟɪɧɢɬɟɫɶ ɜ Delphi.
     2. Ɏɚɣɥ ɩɪɨɟɤɬɚ
      – ɑɬɨɛɵ ɭɜɢɞɟɬɶ ɫɨɞɟɪɠɢɦɨɟ ɩɪɨɝɪɚɦɦɵ ɩɪɨɟɤɬɚ, ɳɟɥɤɧɢɬɟ ɩɨ ɨɩ-
ɰɢɢ Project /View Source ɝɥɚɜɧɨɝɨ ɦɟɧɸ. Ɉɡɧɚɤɨɦɶɬɟɫɶ ɫ ɫɨɞɟɪɠɢɦɵɦ
ɩɪɨɝɪɚɦɦɵ.
      – ȼɵɡɨɜɢɬɟ ɤɨɧɬɟɤɫɬɧɨɟ ɦɟɧɸ ɢ ɜɵɛɟɪɢɬɟ ɨɩɰɢɸ Close Page. Ɏɚɣɥ
ɩɪɨɟɤɬɚ ɩɨɥɧɨɫɬɶɸ ɮɨɪɦɢɪɭɟɬɫɹ Delphi ɢ ɧɟ ɩɪɟɞɧɚɡɧɚɱɟɧ ɞɥɹ ɪɟɞɚɤɬɢɪɨ-
ɜɚɧɢɹ.
      3. Ɏɚɣɥ ɩɪɨɝɪɚɦɦɧɨɝɨ ɦɨɞɭɥɹ
      Ⱦɥɹ ɤɚɠɞɨɣ ɮɨɪɦɵ, ɜɤɥɸɱɚɟɦɨɣ ɜ ɩɪɨɟɤɬ, ɫɨɡɞɚɟɬɫɹ ɨɬɞɟɥɶɧɵɣ ɦɨ-
ɞɭɥɶ. ȼ ɷɬɨɦ ɮɚɣɥɟ ɯɪɚɧɢɬɫɹ ɤɨɞ, ɤɨɬɨɪɵɣ ɜɵ ɩɢɲɢɬɟ ɜ ɩɪɨɰɟɫɫɟ ɫɨɡɞɚɧɢɹ
ɩɪɢɥɨɠɟɧɢɹ, – ɨɛɴɹɜɥɟɧɢɹ ɩɟɪɟɦɟɧɧɵɯ, ɬɢɩɨɜ, ɤɨɞ ɨɛɪɚɛɨɬɱɢɤɨɜ ɫɨɨɛɳɟ-
ɧɢɣ ɞɥɹ ɢɧɬɟɪɮɟɣɫɧɵɯ ɷɥɟɦɟɧɬɨɜ, ɞɨɩɨɥɧɢɬɟɥɶɧɵɣ ɤɨɞ ɢ ɬ. ɩ. ȼ ɩɪɨɟɤɬ
ɦɨɠɧɨ ɜɤɥɸɱɚɬɶ ɢ ɦɨɞɭɥɢ, ɧɟ ɫɜɹɡɚɧɧɵɟ ɫ ɮɨɪɦɚɦɢ. ȼɧɢɦɚɬɟɥɶɧɨ ɩɪɨ-
ɫɦɨɬɪɢɬɟ ɤɨɞ ɩɪɨɝɪɚɦɦɧɨɝɨ ɦɨɞɭɥɹ ɢ ɨɩɪɟɞɟɥɢɬɟ ɫɦɵɫɥ ɤɚɠɞɨɣ ɫɬɪɨɤɢ.
      4. Ɏɚɣɥ ɮɨɪɦɵ
     ɏɪɚɧɢɬ ɢɧɮɨɪɦɚɰɢɸ ɨ ɮɨɪɦɟ. ɗɬɨɬ ɮɚɣɥ ɛɢɧɚɪɧɵɣ, ɢ ɨɧ ɩɨɞɤɥɸɱɚɟɬ-
ɫɹ ɤ ɢɫɩɨɥɧɹɟɦɨɦɭ ɮɚɣɥɭ ɜ ɦɨɦɟɧɬ ɤɨɦɩɢɥɹɰɢɢ ɩɪɨɝɪɚɦɦɵ.
     – ɉɪɨɫɦɨɬɪɢɬɟ ɫɨɞɟɪɠɢɦɨɟ ɮɚɣɥɚ ɮɨɪɦɵ. Ⱦɥɹ ɷɬɨɝɨ ɜɵɩɨɥɧɢɬɟ ɤɨ-
ɦɚɧɞɭ File/Open ɢ ɜɵɛɟɪɢɬɟ ɬɢɩ ɮɚɣɥ dfm. Ɉɬɤɪɨɣɬɟ ɥɸɛɨɣ ɮɚɣɥ ɮɨɪ-
ɦɵ.
    Ɏɚɣɥ ɮɨɪɦɵ – ɷɬɨ ɫɩɢɫɨɤ ɫɜɨɣɫɬɜ ɜɫɟɯ ɤɨɦɩɨɧɟɧɬɨɜ, ɜɤɥɸɱɟɧɧɵɯ ɜ
ɮɨɪɦɭ, ɡɧɚɱɟɧɢɹ ɤɨɬɨɪɵɯ ɛɵɥɢ ɢɡɦɟɧɟɧɵ ɩɨ ɫɪɚɜɧɟɧɢɸ ɫɨ ɡɧɚɱɟɧɢɹɦɢ, ɡɚ-
ɞɚɧɧɵɦɢ ɩɨ ɭɦɨɥɱɚɧɢɸ ɜ ɤɨɧɫɬɪɭɤɬɨɪɟ ɫɨɨɬɜɟɬɫɬɜɭɸɳɟɝɨ ɨɛɴɟɤɬɚ.
    – ȼɵɡɨɜɢɬɟ ɤɨɧɬɟɤɫɬɧɨɟ ɦɟɧɸ ɢ ɜɵɛɟɪɢɬɟ ɨɩɰɢɸ Close Page.
     5. Ƚɪɭɩɩɚ ɩɪɨɟɤɬɨɜ
    ȼ Delphi ɦɨɠɟɬ ɫɭɳɟɫɬɜɨɜɚɬɶ ɝɪɭɩɩɚ ɩɪɨɟɤɬɨɜ, ɤɨɬɨɪɚɹ ɨɛɴɟɞɢɧɹɟɬ
ɞɥɹ ɫɨɜɦɟɫɬɧɨɣ ɪɚɡɪɚɛɨɬɤɢ ɧɟɫɤɨɥɶɤɨ ɩɪɨɟɤɬɨɜ. Ɏɚɣɥ ɝɪɭɩɩɵ ɩɪɨɟɤɬɨɜ
ɢɦɟɟɬ ɪɚɫɲɢɪɟɧɢɟ bpg ɢ ɩɪɟɞɫɬɚɜɥɹɟɬ ɫɨɛɨɣ ɬɟɤɫɬɨɜɵɣ ɮɚɣɥ ɫ ɫɢɫɬɟɦɧɨɣ
ɢɧɮɨɪɦɚɰɢɟɣ ɢ ɨɩɢɫɚɧɢɟɦ ɩɪɨɟɤɬɨɜ, ɜɯɨɞɹɳɢɯ ɜ ɝɪɭɩɩɭ. ɋɬɪɨɝɨ ɝɨɜɨɪɹ,
ɟɞɢɧɢɱɧɵɣ ɩɪɨɟɤɬ ɧɚ ɫɚɦɨɦ ɞɟɥɟ ɹɜɥɹɟɬɫɹ ɝɪɭɩɩɨɣ ɩɪɨɟɤɬɨɜ, ɫɨɞɟɪɠɚɳɟɣ
ɜɫɟɝɨ ɨɞɢɧ ɷɥɟɦɟɧɬ. ȼ ɷɬɨɦ ɥɟɝɤɨ ɭɛɟɞɢɬɶɫɹ, ɡɚɝɥɹɧɭɜ ɜ ɦɟɧɟɞɠɟɪ ɩɪɨɟɤɬɚ
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