Учебно-методическое пособие по обучению профессиональному общению. Коровина Н.А - 7 стр.

     d. Finance                 the series of activities guiding a company         Answer the questions:
                                in order to accomplish its objectives              1. What do you do with money more often? Regularly? Never?
     e. Data Processing         the movement of goods and services                 2. What would you like to do with money if you had more than
                                from manufacturer to customer to sat-        the barest minimum? Much of it.
                                isfy the customer and to achieve the               3. What do you think is the wisest way to deal with money?
                                company's objectives
                                                                                    TEXT 1
                          TOPIC 3. MONEY                                            Money can be anything that is generally accepted in payment
                                                                             for goods or services. Almost every society now has a money econ-
      Make up   sentences combining A and B. Start with the phrase           omy based on coins and paper notes of one kind or another. However,
‘ONE CAN’                                                                    this has not always been true. In primitive societies a system of barter
      A                                    B                                 was used. Barter was a system of direct exchange of one good or ser-
 Earn money       that is to get money as salary or wages                    vice for another. Somebody could exchange a sheep, for example, for
 Spend            when one buys something as a customer                      anything in the market-place if they considered to be of equal value.
 money                                                                       Barter, however, was a very unsatisfactory system because people's
 Save money       when one wants to buy something expensive, or one          precise needs seldom coincided. People needed a more practical sys-
                  lives economically.                                        tem of exchange, and various money systems developed based on
 Make             and then he grows rich, acquires wealth                    goods which the members of a society recognized as having value.
 money                                                                       Cattle, grain, teeth, shells, feathers, skulls, salt, elephant tusks and
 Loan money       that is to give money at an interest (in a bank)           tobacco have all been used. Precious metals gradually took over be-
 Borrow           that is to take money with a promise to pay back in        cause, when made into coins, they were portable, durable, recogniz-
 money            future                                                     able and divisible into larger and smaller units of value.
 Lend money       that is to give it to somebody for a period of time               A coin is a piece of metal, usually disc-shaped, which bears let-
 Owe money        that is to borrow money when one becomes a debtor,         tering, designs or numbers showing its value. Until the eighteenth and
                  and owes it to the lender                                  nineteenth centuries coins were given monetary worth based on the
 Accumulate       that is to store up a large amount of money                exact amount of metal contained in them, but most modern coins are
 Donate           that is to give it to a good cause                         based on face value, the value that governments choose to give, irre-
 money                                                                       spective of the actual metal content. Coins have been made of gold
 Raise money      i.e. to collect it in somebody’s favour                    (Au), copper (Cu), aluminium (Al), nickel (Ni), lead (Pb), plastic, and
 Pay money        i.e. to give it to someone in exchange for services or     in China even from pressed tea leaves.
                  goods                                                             Nowadays however valuable metal has generally been replaced
 Invest           i.e. to put money into shares\ business in something       by paper notes.
 money                                                                              The use of paper money in Western civilization began in the
 Waste            i.e. to spend it on something which is not worth it        Middle Ages. The major forms of money in those days, gold and silver
 money                                                                       coins, were inconvenient to carry and liable to be stolen.
 Charge           for goods and services                                            To make business transactions safer and more convenient, peo-
 money                                                                       ple began depositing their coins with local goldsmiths, who gave them

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