Geology. Козлова Е.П. - 47 стр.

        Rocks to this very day keep changing and growing. There are a few volcanoes
that still spit out their hot lava and when it cools it forms igneous rook. Wind and rain
pile up sand and dirt, which is pressed together into sedimentary ones. We don't feel
it, but the rocky crust of the earth is always shifting and squeezing and changing, and
so metamorphic rocks keep forming too.
        People who know the stories of stones have only to look at a piece of rock to
tell what kind it is. If you are interested enough to look and learn, you, too, will be
able to read their stories.

                               Founder of Geological Studies

       Prof. Yuri Mikhailovich Sheinmann (1901-1974), a prominent member of this
country’s scientific community, began his studies in the region of Zabaikalye in
1926. And right from the start he made himself prominent with a series of
publications on geological problems of Asia.By the mid-1930s he was alredy a
recognized authority in the field of Earth tectonics. When the 17 International
Geological Congress met in Moscow in the summer of 1937 Yuri Sheinmann was
appointed its scientific secretary. And he made a tangible contribution to the success
of this international forum .
       His first geological expedition was crowned with the discovery of a unique
magmatic province in the north of Siberia which contained,among basalts,an exotic
complex of volcanic,or igneous rock-ultrabasic and alkaline lavas and carbonates
with a high content of calcium and carbon.His work at the Norilsk Geological Service
(which included a course of lectures for geologists) brought him well - deserved
recognition.In 1946 he defended a thesis for a Dr.Degree.His doctoral thesis was
entitled «The History of Development of the Siberian Platform».
       From the late 1950s and to the end of his life worked at the Institute of Earth
Physics of the USSR Academy of Sciences. He was attracted by problems located,so
to say ,on the border of tectonics (studying the structure and evolution of mineral
resources of the Earth) and petrology (investigating the in-depth nature of magmatic
processes).The crown of the scientific efforts and achievements was a book called
«Studies of Plutonic Geology».
       Another major contribution provided by Dr.Sheinmann is related to magmatic
geology. Proceeding from the available material on the Canadian and Baltic shields,
the African, Brazilian and Indian platforms,and using his own observations in
Siberia, the Russian geologist attacked a common notion that ultrabasic and basic
magmas originate from a common source in the bowels of the Earth .Dr.Sheinmann
was able to prove that the ultrabasic an basic magmatism develop from different
sources which are not interconnected.
       1968 saw the publication of his aforesaid monograph-«Essays on Plutonic
Geology».In this publication data on the processes in the Earth crust and mantle are
compared with the tectonics and chemistry of magmatic phenomena .The author
singled out three types of structure of the planet :the greater part of the Earth’s
surface which is not subject to contrast movements reaching down to considerably
depths; areas under the oceanic undersea ridges, where movements are not very
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