Стилистика русского языка и культура речи. Кретов А.А - 14 стр.

ɩɪɢɱɟɦ ɷɬɚ ɫɢɫɬɟɦɚ ɟɞɢɧɚ ɞɥɹ ɜɫɟɯ, ɝɨɜɨɪɹɳɢɯ ɧɚ ɷɬɨɦ ɹɡɵɤɟ. Ɉɞɧɚɤɨ?
Ɉɞɧɚɤɨ ɧɟ ɜɫɟ ɥɸɞɢ ɩɨɥɶɡɭɸɬɫɹ ɨɞɢɧɚɤɨɜɨ ɨɞɧɨɣ ɢ ɬɨɣ ɠɟ ɫɢɫɬɟɦɨɣ.
ɇɚɩɪɢɦɟɪ: ɧɚ ɤɨɧɤɭɪɫɟ ɩɢɚɧɢɫɬɨɜ ɢɦɟɧɢ ɉ.Ⱥ. ɑɚɣɤɨɜɫɤɨɝɨ ɜ Ɇɨɫɤɜɟ ɜɫɟ
ɭɱɚɫɬɧɢɤɢ ɤɨɧɤɭɪɫɚ ɢɝɪɚɸɬ ɧɚ ɨɞɧɨɦ ɢ ɬɨɦ ɠɟ ɪɨɹɥɟ, ɨɞɧɚɤɨ ɪɟɡɭɥɶɬɚɬɵ
ɩɨɥɭɱɚɸɬɫɹ ɪɚɡɥɢɱɧɵɟ, ɞɚɠɟ ɟɫɥɢ ɨɧɢ ɢɫɩɨɥɧɹɸɬ ɨɞɧɨ ɢ ɬɨ ɠɟ
ɩɪɨɢɡɜɟɞɟɧɢɟ. ɉɪɢɦɟɪɧɨ ɬɨ ɠɟ ɫɚɦɨɟ ɢ ɫ ɹɡɵɤɨɦ.
   Ɉɬ ɱɟɝɨ ɡɚɜɢɫɢɬ ɫɬɢɥɶ ɨɛɳɟɧɢɹ? ȼ ɩɟɪɜɭɸ ɨɱɟɪɟɞɶ, ɫɬɢɥɶ ɨɛɳɟɧɢɹ
ɡɚɜɢɫɢɬ ɨɬ ɫɮɟɪɵ ɨɛɳɟɧɢɹ, ɨɬ ɫɪɟɞɵ, ɜ ɤɨɬɨɪɨɣ ɨɫɭɳɟɫɬɜɥɹɟɬɫɹ ɩɪɨɰɟɫɫ.
ɇɟɨɛɯɨɞɢɦɨ ɡɚɦɟɬɢɬɶ, ɱɬɨ ɫɪɟɞɚ, ɜ ɤɨɬɨɪɨɣ ɩɪɨɢɫɯɨɞɢɬ ɮɭɧɤɰɢɨɧɢɪɨɜɚɧɢɟ
ɱɟɝɨ ɛɵ ɬɨ ɧɢ ɛɵɥɨ, ɫɭɳɟɫɬɜɟɧɧɵɦ ɨɛɪɚɡɨɦ ɜɥɢɹɟɬ ɢ ɧɚ ɫɚɦɨ
ɮɭɧɤɰɢɨɧɢɪɨɜɚɧɢɟ ɢ, ɜ ɤɨɧɟɱɧɨɦ ɢɬɨɝɟ, ɧɚ ɮɨɪɦɭ ɨɛɴɟɤɬɚ, ɤɨɬɨɪɵɣ
ɮɭɧɤɰɢɨɧɢɪɭɟɬ ɜ ɷɬɨɣ ɫɪɟɞɟ. ɋɥɟɞɭɟɬ ɫɞɟɥɚɬɶ ɜɵɜɨɞ, ɱɬɨ ɫɜɨɣɫɬɜɚ ɫɪɟɞɵ
ɨɩɪɟɞɟɥɹɸɬ ɫɜɨɣɫɬɜɚ ɢ ɮɨɪɦɭ ɮɭɧɤɰɢɨɧɢɪɭɸɳɟɝɨ ɜ ɧɟɣ ɨɛɴɟɤɬɚ. Ɇɵ
ɩɨɞɨɲɥɢ ɤ ɮɨɪɦɭɥɟ, ɤɨɬɨɪɚɹ ɫɨɡɞɚɟɬ ɮɨɪɦɭ. Ɏɨɪɦɭɥɚ ɷɬɚ ɜɵɝɥɹɞɢɬ ɬɚɤ:
ɫɪɟɞɚ + ɮɭɧɤɰɢɹ = ɮɨɪɦɚ. ȿɫɥɢ ɜ ɷɬɭ ɮɨɪɦɭɥɭ ɜɦɟɫɬɨ ɫɪɟɞɵ ɩɨɞɫɬɚɜɢɬɶ
ɫɮɟɪɭ ɨɛɳɟɧɢɹ, ɚ ɜɦɟɫɬɨ ɮɭɧɤɰɢɢ ɩɨɞɫɬɚɜɢɬɶ ɰɟɥɢ ɢ ɡɚɞɚɱɢ ɨɛɳɟɧɢɹ, ɬɨ
ɜɨɬ ɬɚɤɨɟ ɫɥɨɠɟɧɢɟ ɢ ɞɚɫɬ ɧɚɦ ɮɭɧɤɰɢɨɧɚɥɶɧɵɣ ɫɬɢɥɶ. Ɏɭɧɤɰɢɨɧɢɪɨɜɚɧɢɟ
ɹɡɵɤɚ ɜ ɨɩɪɟɞɟɥɟɧɧɨɣ ɫɪɟɞɟ, ɫ ɨɩɪɟɞɟɥɟɧɧɵɦɢ ɰɟɥɹɦɢ ɩɪɢɜɨɞɢɬ ɤ ɨɬɛɨɪɭ
ɧɟɨɛɯɨɞɢɦɵɯ ɹɡɵɤɨɜɵɯ ɫɪɟɞɫɬɜ. Ɍɚɤ ɜɨɡɧɢɤɚɟɬ ɮɭɧɤɰɢɨɧɚɥɶɧɵɣ ɫɬɢɥɶ.
ɋɥɟɞɭɟɬ ɫɤɚɡɚɬɶ, ɱɬɨ ɮɭɧɤɰɢɨɧɚɥɶɧɵɣ ɫɬɢɥɶ – ɷɬɨ ɰɟɥɨɫɬɧɨɫɬɶ, ɫɢɫɬɟɦɚ
ɟɞɢɧɢɰ ɹɡɵɤɚ, ɨɛɴɟɞɢɧɟɧɧɚɹ ɟɞɢɧɫɬɜɨɦ ɰɟɥɢ, ɡɚɞɚɱɢ ɢ ɫɪɟɞɵ. ɍ ɪɭɫɫɤɨɝɨ
ɥɢɬɟɪɚɬɭɪɧɨɝɨ ɹɡɵɤɚ ɢɦɟɟɬɫɹ ɧɟɫɤɨɥɶɤɨ ɮɭɧɤɰɢɨɧɚɥɶɧɵɯ ɫɬɢɥɟɣ. Ʉɚɠɞɵɣ
ɫɬɢɥɶ ɩɪɨɬɢɜɨɩɨɫɬɚɜɥɟɧ ɞɪɭɝɢɦ ɫɬɢɥɹɦ ɩɨ ɡɚɞɚɱɚɦ ɢɥɢ ɩɨ ɫɮɟɪɟ ɨɛɳɟɧɢɹ.
ȼɚɠɧɨ ɢɦɟɬɶ ɜ ɜɢɞɭ, ɱɬɨ ɮɭɧɤɰɢɨɧɚɥɶɧɵɣ ɫɬɢɥɶ ɨɛɳɟɫɬɜɟɧɧɨ ɨɫɨɡɧɚɧ ɢ
ɫɨɰɢɚɥɶɧɨ ɡɧɚɱɢɦ.

      ɂɋɑɂɋɅȿɇɂȿ ɎɍɇɄɐɂɈɇȺɅɖɇɕɏ ɋɌɂɅȿɃ ɊɍɋɋɄɈȽɈ
                 ɅɂɌȿɊȺɌɍɊɇɈȽɈ əɁɕɄȺ
    ɋɭɳɟɫɬɜɭɟɬ ɞɜɟ ɫɮɟɪɵ, ɜ ɤɨɬɨɪɵɯ ɫɭɳɟɫɬɜɭɟɬ ɄɅə, ɨɞɧɚ ɢɡ ɧɢɯ
ɨɮɢɰɢɚɥɶɧɚɹ, ɚ ɞɪɭɝɚɹ – ɧɟɨɮɢɰɢɚɥɶɧɚɹ, ɨɛɢɯɨɞɧɨ-ɛɵɬɨɜɚɹ. ȼ
ɧɟɨɮɢɰɢɚɥɶɧɨɣ ɫɮɟɪɟ ɮɭɧɤɰɢɨɧɢɪɭɟɬ ɪɚɡɝɨɜɨɪɧɵɣ ɫɬɢɥɶ ɥɢɬɟɪɚɬɭɪɧɨɝɨ
ɹɡɵɤɚ. ȼɫɟ ɨɫɬɚɥɶɧɵɟ ɮɭɧɤɰɢɨɧɚɥɶɧɵɟ ɫɬɢɥɢ ɮɭɧɤɰɢɨɧɢɪɭɸɬ ɜ
ɨɮɢɰɢɚɥɶɧɨɣ ɫɮɟɪɟ. ȿɫɥɢ ɜɫɟ ɨɫɬɚɥɶɧɵɟ ɮɭɧɤɰɢɨɧɚɥɶɧɵɟ ɫɬɢɥɢ
ɮɭɧɤɰɢɨɧɢɪɭɸɬ ɜ ɨɞɧɨɣ ɢ ɬɨɣ ɠɟ ɫɮɟɪɟ, ɬɨ ɱɟɦ ɨɧɢ ɦɨɝɭɬ ɪɚɡɥɢɱɚɬɶɫɹ?
Ɉɧɢ ɦɨɝɭɬ ɪɚɡɥɢɱɚɬɶɫɹ ɰɟɥɹɦɢ ɢ ɡɚɞɚɱɚɦɢ, ɬ. ɟ. ɮɭɧɤɰɢɹɦɢ. ɉɨɷɬɨɦɭ ɨɧɢ ɢ
ɧɚɡɵɜɚɸɬɫɹ ɮɭɧɤɰɢɨɧɚɥɶɧɵɦɢ. Ɉɧɢ ɪɚɡɥɢɱɚɸɬɫɹ ɧɚɡɧɚɱɟɧɢɟɦ.
    Ʉɚɤɨɜɨ ɠɟ ɧɚɡɧɚɱɟɧɢɟ ɢɥɢ ɰɟɥɶ ɨɫɬɚɥɶɧɵɯ ɮɭɧɤɰɢɨɧɚɥɶɧɵɯ ɫɬɢɥɟɣ?
ȿɫɥɢ ɰɟɥɶɸ ɹɜɥɹɟɬɫɹ ɩɨɢɫɤ ɢɫɬɢɧɵ, ɩɨɫɬɢɠɟɧɢɟ, ɩɨɧɢɦɚɧɢɟ ɱɟɝɨ-ɥɢɛɨ,
ɢɡɜɥɟɱɟɧɢɟ ɢɧɮɨɪɦɚɰɢɢ ɢɡ ɭɠɟ ɢɦɟɸɳɟɣɫɹ, ɩɨɪɨɠɞɟɧɢɟ ɧɨɜɨɝɨ ɡɧɚɧɢɹ, ɬɨ
ɬɚɤɨɣ ɫɬɢɥɶ ɧɚɡɵɜɚɟɬɫɹ ɧɚɭɱɧɵɦ. ȿɫɥɢ ɰɟɥɶɸ ɹɜɥɹɟɬɫɹ ɪɟɝɭɥɢɪɨɜɚɧɢɟ,
ɪɟɝɥɚɦɟɧɬɚɰɢɹ ɩɨɜɟɞɟɧɢɹ ɱɟɥɨɜɟɤɚ, ɬɨ ɬɚɤɨɣ ɫɬɢɥɶ ɧɚɡɵɜɚɟɬɫɹ
ɨɮɢɰɢɚɥɶɧɨ-ɞɟɥɨɜɵɦ. ȿɫɥɢ ɰɟɥɶɸ ɹɜɥɹɟɬɫɹ ɭɛɟɠɞɟɧɢɟ ɱɟɥɨɜɟɤɚ,

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