Стилистика русского языка и культура речи. Кретов А.А - 15 стр.

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ɜɧɟɞɪɟɧɢɟ ɢɧɮɨɪɦɚɰɢɢ ɜ ɟɝɨ ɫɨɡɧɚɧɢɟ, ɩɨɛɭɠɞɟɧɢɟ ɟɝɨ ɤ ɤɚɤɢɦ-ɬɨ
ɞɟɣɫɬɜɢɹɦ, ɬɨ ɬɚɤɨɣ ɫɬɢɥɶ ɧɚɡɵɜɚɟɬɫɹ
ɩɭɛɥɢɰɢɫɬɢɱɟɫɤɢɦ.
ɏɭɞɨɠɟɫɬɜɟɧɧɵɣ ɫɬɢɥɶ ɜɵɩɨɥɧɹɟɬ ɷɫɬɟɬɢɱɟɫɤɭɸ ɮɭɧɤɰɢɸ,
ɨɛɟɫɩɟɱɢɜɚɸɳɭɸ ɞɭɯɨɜɧɭɸ ɫɜɹɡɶ ɦɟɠɞɭ ɱɥɟɧɚɦɢ ɨɛɳɟɫɬɜɚ, ɩɨɦɨɝɚɸɳɭɸ
ɱɟɥɨɜɟɤɭ ɨɩɪɟɞɟɥɢɬɶɫɹ ɜ ɧɪɚɜɫɬɜɟɧɧɨɦ, ɞɭɯɨɜɧɨɦ ɩɥɚɧɟ, ɩɨɡɜɨɥɹɸɳɭɸ
ɟɦɭ ɩɨɧɹɬɶ ɞɪɭɝɢɯ ɥɸɞɟɣ, ɚ ɡɧɚɱɢɬ – ɩɨɧɹɬɶ ɫɟɛɹ.
ɂɬɚɤ, ɜɵɞɟɥɹɸɬ ɩɹɬɶ ɮɭɧɤɰɢɨɧɚɥɶɧɵɯ ɫɬɢɥɟɣ ɹɡɵɤɚ: ɪɚɡɝɨɜɨɪɧɵɣ
(ɧɟɨɮɢɰɢɚɥɶɧɚɹ ɫɮɟɪɚ ɨɛɳɟɧɢɹ), ɧɚɭɱɧɵɣ, ɨɮɢɰɢɚɥɶɧɨ-ɞɟɥɨɜɨɣ,
ɩɭɛɥɢɰɢɫɬɢɱɟɫɤɢɣ ɢ ɯɭɞɨɠɟɫɬɜɟɧɧɵɣ (ɨɮɢɰɢɚɥɶɧɚɹ).
1. Ɏɭɧɤɰɢɨɧɚɥɶɧɵɣ ɫɬɢɥɶ ɫɭɳɟɫɬɜɭɟɬ ɤɚɤ ɫɢɫɬɟɦɚ ɩɪɚɜɢɥ
ɰɟɥɟɫɨɨɛɪɚɡɧɨɝɨ ɭɩɨɬɪɟɛɥɟɧɢɹ ɟɞɢɧɢɰ ɹɡɵɤɚ.
2. ɋɬɢɥɶ – ɷɬɨ ɰɟɥɨɫɬɧɨɫɬɶ, ɫɢɫɬɟɦɚ ɟɞɢɧɢɰ ɹɡɵɤɚ (ɹɡɵɤɨɜɵɯ ɫɪɟɞɫɬɜ).
3. ɋɬɢɥɶ ɩɪɨɬɢɜɨɩɨɫɬɚɜɥɟɧ ɞɪɭɝɢɦ ɫɬɢɥɹɦ, ɜɵɩɨɥɧɹɸɳɢɦ ɞɪɭɝɢɟ
ɡɚɞɚɱɢ ɜ ɞɪɭɝɢɯ ɨɛɳɟɫɬɜɟɧɧɵɯ ɫɮɟɪɚɯ.
4. ɋɬɢɥɶ ɨɛɳɟɫɬɜɟɧɧɨ ɨɫɨɡɧɚɧ ɢ ɫɨɰɢɚɥɶɧɨ ɡɧɚɱɢɦ.
5. ɋɪɟɞɚ + ɮɭɧɤɰɢɢ = ɮɨɪɦɚ:
ɚ) ɫɪɟɞɚ (ɫɮɟɪɚ ɨɛɳɟɧɢɹ);
ɛ) ɮɭɧɤɰɢɹ (ɰɟɥɶ, ɡɚɞɚɱɢ, ɧɚɡɧɚɱɟɧɢɟ);
ɜ) ɮɨɪɦɚ (ɮɭɧɤɰɢɨɧɚɥɶɧɵɣ ɫɬɢɥɶ).
ɋɪɟɞɚ ɨɛɳɟɧɢɹ + ɰɟɥɢ ɢ ɡɚɞɚɱɢ ɨɛɳɟɧɢɹ = ɮɭɧɤɰɢɨɧɚɥɶɧɵɣ ɫɬɢɥɶ.
ɋɮɟɪɵ, ɜ ɤɨɬɨɪɵɯ ɮɭɧɤɰɢɨɧɢɪɭɸɬ ɫɬɢɥɢ: ɨɮɢɰɢɚɥɶɧɚɹ ɢ
ɧɟɨɮɢɰɢɚɥɶɧɚɹ.
Ɏɭɧɤɰɢɹ ɋɪɟɞɚ
ɐɟɥɢ Ɉɮɢɰɢɚɥɶɧɚɹ ɫɮɟɪɚ ɇɟɨɮɢɰɢɚɥɶɧɚɹ ɫɮɟɪɚ
ɋɨɨɛɳɟɧɢɟ, ɩɪɟɞɩɢ-
ɫɚɧɢɟ, ɪɟɝɥɚɦɟɧɬɚɰɢɹ
ɩɨɜɟɞɟɧɢɹ
Ɉɮɢɰɢɚɥɶɧɨ-ɞɟɥɨɜɨɣ
ɫɬɢɥɶ
ɍɛɟɠɞɟɧɢɟ, ɩɨɛɭɠɞɟ-
ɧɢɟ ɤ ɞɟɣɫɬɜɢɸ
ɉɭɛɥɢɰɢɫɬɢɱɟɫɤɢɣ
ɫɬɢɥɶ
ɉɨɡɧɚɧɢɟ, ɩɨɫɬɢɠɟ-ɧɢɟ
ɦɢɪɚ, ɩɨɢɫɤ ɢɫɬɢ-ɧɵ,
ɩɨɥɭɱɟɧɢɟ ɡɧɚɧɢɣ
ɇɚɭɱɧɵɣ
ɫɬɢɥɶ
Ɉɛɢɯɨɞɧɨ-ɛɵɬɨɜɨɣ
ɫɬɢɥɶ
ɏɭɞɨɠɟɫɬɜɟɧɧɵɣ ɫɬɢɥɶ, ɨɛɟɫɩɟɱɢɜɚɸɳɢɣ ɪɟɚɥɢɡɚɰɢɸ ɷɫɬɟɬɢɱɟɫɤɨɣ
ɮɭɧɤɰɢɢ ɜ ɨɮɢɰɢɚɥɶɧɨɣ ɫɮɟɪɟ, ɜɤɥɸɱɚɟɬ ɜ ɫɟɛɹ ɷɥɟɦɟɧɬɵ ɜɫɟɯ
ɮɭɧɤɰɢɨɧɚɥɶɧɵɯ ɫɬɢɥɟɣ ɥɢɬɟɪɚɬɭɪɧɨɝɨ ɹɡɵɤɚ, ɚ ɬɚɤɠɟ ɷɥɟɦɟɧɬɵ
ɩɪɨɫɬɨɪɟɱɢɹ, ɬɟɪɪɢɬɨɪɢɚɥɶɧɵɯ ɢ ɫɨɰɢɚɥɶɧɵɯ ɞɢɚɥɟɤɬɨɜ ɡɚ ɩɪɟɞɟɥɚɦɢ
ɥɢɬɟɪɚɬɭɪɧɨɝɨ ɹɡɵɤɚ.
Ʌɢɬɟɪɚɬɭɪɧɵɣ ɹɡɵɤ ɇɟɥɢɬɟɪɚɬɭɪɧɵɣ ɹɡɵɤ
ȼɵɫɨɤɢɣ ɫɬɢɥɶ (ɩɨɷɬɢɱ.)
ɉɭɛɥɢɰɢɫɬɢɱɟɫɤɢɣ
Ɉɮɢɰɢɚɥɶɧɨ-ɞɟɥɨɜɨɣ
ɇɚɭɱɧɵɣ
Ɋɚɡɝɨɜɨɪɧɵɣ ɫɬɢɥɶ
ɉɪɨɫɬɨɪɟɱɢɟ
Ⱦɢɚɥɟɤɬɵ (ɬɟɪɪɢɬɨɪɢɚɥɶɧɵɟ)
ɀɚɪɝɨɧɵ (ɫɨɰ. ɞɢɚɥɟɤɬɵ)
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ɜɧɟɞɪɟɧɢɟ ɢɧɮɨɪɦɚɰɢɢ ɜ ɟɝɨ ɫɨɡɧɚɧɢɟ, ɩɨɛɭɠɞɟɧɢɟ ɟɝɨ ɤ ɤɚɤɢɦ-ɬɨ
ɞɟɣɫɬɜɢɹɦ,     ɬɨ     ɬɚɤɨɣ    ɫɬɢɥɶ    ɧɚɡɵɜɚɟɬɫɹ     ɩɭɛɥɢɰɢɫɬɢɱɟɫɤɢɦ.
ɏɭɞɨɠɟɫɬɜɟɧɧɵɣ         ɫɬɢɥɶ    ɜɵɩɨɥɧɹɟɬ      ɷɫɬɟɬɢɱɟɫɤɭɸ    ɮɭɧɤɰɢɸ,
ɨɛɟɫɩɟɱɢɜɚɸɳɭɸ ɞɭɯɨɜɧɭɸ ɫɜɹɡɶ ɦɟɠɞɭ ɱɥɟɧɚɦɢ ɨɛɳɟɫɬɜɚ, ɩɨɦɨɝɚɸɳɭɸ
ɱɟɥɨɜɟɤɭ ɨɩɪɟɞɟɥɢɬɶɫɹ ɜ ɧɪɚɜɫɬɜɟɧɧɨɦ, ɞɭɯɨɜɧɨɦ ɩɥɚɧɟ, ɩɨɡɜɨɥɹɸɳɭɸ
ɟɦɭ ɩɨɧɹɬɶ ɞɪɭɝɢɯ ɥɸɞɟɣ, ɚ ɡɧɚɱɢɬ – ɩɨɧɹɬɶ ɫɟɛɹ.
     ɂɬɚɤ, ɜɵɞɟɥɹɸɬ ɩɹɬɶ ɮɭɧɤɰɢɨɧɚɥɶɧɵɯ ɫɬɢɥɟɣ ɹɡɵɤɚ: ɪɚɡɝɨɜɨɪɧɵɣ
(ɧɟɨɮɢɰɢɚɥɶɧɚɹ ɫɮɟɪɚ ɨɛɳɟɧɢɹ), ɧɚɭɱɧɵɣ, ɨɮɢɰɢɚɥɶɧɨ-ɞɟɥɨɜɨɣ,
ɩɭɛɥɢɰɢɫɬɢɱɟɫɤɢɣ ɢ ɯɭɞɨɠɟɫɬɜɟɧɧɵɣ (ɨɮɢɰɢɚɥɶɧɚɹ).
   1. Ɏɭɧɤɰɢɨɧɚɥɶɧɵɣ ɫɬɢɥɶ ɫɭɳɟɫɬɜɭɟɬ ɤɚɤ ɫɢɫɬɟɦɚ ɩɪɚɜɢɥ
      ɰɟɥɟɫɨɨɛɪɚɡɧɨɝɨ ɭɩɨɬɪɟɛɥɟɧɢɹ ɟɞɢɧɢɰ ɹɡɵɤɚ.
   2. ɋɬɢɥɶ – ɷɬɨ ɰɟɥɨɫɬɧɨɫɬɶ, ɫɢɫɬɟɦɚ ɟɞɢɧɢɰ ɹɡɵɤɚ (ɹɡɵɤɨɜɵɯ ɫɪɟɞɫɬɜ).
   3. ɋɬɢɥɶ ɩɪɨɬɢɜɨɩɨɫɬɚɜɥɟɧ ɞɪɭɝɢɦ ɫɬɢɥɹɦ, ɜɵɩɨɥɧɹɸɳɢɦ ɞɪɭɝɢɟ
      ɡɚɞɚɱɢ ɜ ɞɪɭɝɢɯ ɨɛɳɟɫɬɜɟɧɧɵɯ ɫɮɟɪɚɯ.
   4. ɋɬɢɥɶ ɨɛɳɟɫɬɜɟɧɧɨ ɨɫɨɡɧɚɧ ɢ ɫɨɰɢɚɥɶɧɨ ɡɧɚɱɢɦ.
   5. ɋɪɟɞɚ + ɮɭɧɤɰɢɢ = ɮɨɪɦɚ:
         ɚ) ɫɪɟɞɚ (ɫɮɟɪɚ ɨɛɳɟɧɢɹ);
         ɛ) ɮɭɧɤɰɢɹ (ɰɟɥɶ, ɡɚɞɚɱɢ, ɧɚɡɧɚɱɟɧɢɟ);
         ɜ) ɮɨɪɦɚ (ɮɭɧɤɰɢɨɧɚɥɶɧɵɣ ɫɬɢɥɶ).
   ɋɪɟɞɚ ɨɛɳɟɧɢɹ + ɰɟɥɢ ɢ ɡɚɞɚɱɢ ɨɛɳɟɧɢɹ = ɮɭɧɤɰɢɨɧɚɥɶɧɵɣ ɫɬɢɥɶ.
   ɋɮɟɪɵ, ɜ ɤɨɬɨɪɵɯ ɮɭɧɤɰɢɨɧɢɪɭɸɬ ɫɬɢɥɢ: ɨɮɢɰɢɚɥɶɧɚɹ ɢ
ɧɟɨɮɢɰɢɚɥɶɧɚɹ.
          Ɏɭɧɤɰɢɹ                               ɋɪɟɞɚ
            ɐɟɥɢ          Ɉɮɢɰɢɚɥɶɧɚɹ ɫɮɟɪɚ        ɇɟɨɮɢɰɢɚɥɶɧɚɹ ɫɮɟɪɚ
  ɋɨɨɛɳɟɧɢɟ, ɩɪɟɞɩɢ-
                           Ɉɮɢɰɢɚɥɶɧɨ-ɞɟɥɨɜɨɣ
  ɫɚɧɢɟ, ɪɟɝɥɚɦɟɧɬɚɰɢɹ
                                 ɫɬɢɥɶ
  ɩɨɜɟɞɟɧɢɹ
                                                     Ɉɛɢɯɨɞɧɨ-ɛɵɬɨɜɨɣ
  ɍɛɟɠɞɟɧɢɟ, ɩɨɛɭɠɞɟ-        ɉɭɛɥɢɰɢɫɬɢɱɟɫɤɢɣ
                                                          ɫɬɢɥɶ
  ɧɢɟ ɤ ɞɟɣɫɬɜɢɸ                  ɫɬɢɥɶ
  ɉɨɡɧɚɧɢɟ, ɩɨɫɬɢɠɟ-ɧɢɟ          ɇɚɭɱɧɵɣ
  ɦɢɪɚ, ɩɨɢɫɤ ɢɫɬɢ-ɧɵ,            ɫɬɢɥɶ
  ɩɨɥɭɱɟɧɢɟ ɡɧɚɧɢɣ
    ɏɭɞɨɠɟɫɬɜɟɧɧɵɣ ɫɬɢɥɶ, ɨɛɟɫɩɟɱɢɜɚɸɳɢɣ ɪɟɚɥɢɡɚɰɢɸ ɷɫɬɟɬɢɱɟɫɤɨɣ
ɮɭɧɤɰɢɢ ɜ ɨɮɢɰɢɚɥɶɧɨɣ ɫɮɟɪɟ, ɜɤɥɸɱɚɟɬ ɜ ɫɟɛɹ ɷɥɟɦɟɧɬɵ ɜɫɟɯ
ɮɭɧɤɰɢɨɧɚɥɶɧɵɯ ɫɬɢɥɟɣ ɥɢɬɟɪɚɬɭɪɧɨɝɨ ɹɡɵɤɚ, ɚ ɬɚɤɠɟ ɷɥɟɦɟɧɬɵ
ɩɪɨɫɬɨɪɟɱɢɹ, ɬɟɪɪɢɬɨɪɢɚɥɶɧɵɯ ɢ ɫɨɰɢɚɥɶɧɵɯ ɞɢɚɥɟɤɬɨɜ ɡɚ ɩɪɟɞɟɥɚɦɢ
ɥɢɬɟɪɚɬɭɪɧɨɝɨ ɹɡɵɤɚ.
          Ʌɢɬɟɪɚɬɭɪɧɵɣ ɹɡɵɤ                   ɇɟɥɢɬɟɪɚɬɭɪɧɵɣ ɹɡɵɤ
        ȼɵɫɨɤɢɣ ɫɬɢɥɶ (ɩɨɷɬɢɱ.)
          ɉɭɛɥɢɰɢɫɬɢɱɟɫɤɢɣ                       ɉɪɨɫɬɨɪɟɱɢɟ
         Ɉɮɢɰɢɚɥɶɧɨ-ɞɟɥɨɜɨɣ               Ⱦɢɚɥɟɤɬɵ (ɬɟɪɪɢɬɨɪɢɚɥɶɧɵɟ)
               ɇɚɭɱɧɵɣ                     ɀɚɪɝɨɧɵ (ɫɨɰ. ɞɢɚɥɟɤɬɵ)
          Ɋɚɡɝɨɜɨɪɧɵɣ ɫɬɢɥɶ

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