Стилистика русского языка и культура речи. Кретов А.А - 6 стр.

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ɨɤɪɚɫɤɨɣ, ɬ. ɟ. ɜ ɨɮɢɰɢɚɥɶɧɨɣ ɨɛɫɬɚɧɨɜɤɟ ɩɪɨɫɬɨɪɟɱɢɹɦɢ ɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɬɶɫɹ ɧɟ
ɪɟɤɨɦɟɧɞɨɜɚɧɨ.
3. Ʉɪɨɦɟ ɬɨɝɨ, ɫɭɳɟɫɬɜɭɸɬ ɫɨɰɢɚɥɶɧɵɟ ɞɢɚɥɟɤɬɵ, ɤɨɬɨɪɵɟ ɬɚɤɠɟ ɧɟ
ɨɬɧɨɫɹɬɫɹ ɤ ɄɅə. ɋɨɰɢɚɥɶɧɵɟ ɞɢɚɥɟɤɬɵ – ɷɬɨ ɪɚɡɧɨɜɢɞɧɨɫɬɶ
ɨɛɳɟɧɚɪɨɞɧɨɝɨ ɹɡɵɤɚ, ɤɨɬɨɪɚɹ ɯɚɪɚɤɬɟɪɢɡɭɟɬɫɹ ɧɟ ɬɟɪɪɢɬɨɪɢɚɥɶɧɨɣ, ɤɚɤ
ɬɟɪɪɢɬɨɪɢɚɥɶɧɵɟ ɞɢɚɥɟɤɬɵ, ɚ ɫɨɰɢɚɥɶɧɨɣ ɨɝɪɚɧɢɱɟɧɧɨɫɬɶɸ. ɗɬɨɣ
ɪɚɡɧɨɜɢɞɧɨɫɬɶɸ ɩɨɥɶɡɭɸɬɫɹ ɪɚɡɥɢɱɧɵɟ ɫɨɰɢɚɥɶɧɵɟ ɝɪɭɩɩɵ. ɇɚɩɪɢɦɟɪ:
ɠɚɪɝɨɧ ɦɭɡɵɤɚɧɬɨɜ, ɠɚɪɝɨɧ ɯɚɤɟɪɨɜ, ɠɚɪɝɨɧ ɫɬɭɞɟɧɬɨɜ.
ɂɬɚɤ, ɞɥɹ ɄɅə ɧɚɞɫɢɫɬɟɦɨɣ ɹɜɥɹɟɬɫɹ ɨɛɳɟɧɚɪɨɞɧɵɣ ɹɡɵɤ,
ɜɤɥɸɱɚɸɳɢɣ ɜ ɫɟɛɹ ɜɫɟ ɪɚɡɧɨɜɢɞɧɨɫɬɢ ɤɨɞɢɮɢɰɢɪɨɜɚɧɧɨɝɨ ɢ
ɧɟɤɨɞɢɮɢɰɢɪɨɜɚɧɧɨɝɨ ɹɡɵɤɚ.
ɅɂɌȿɊȺɌɍɊɇɕɃ əɁɕɄ – ɧɚɞɞɢɚɥɟɤɬɧɚɹ ɩɨɞɫɢɫɬɟɦɚ (ɮɨɪɦɚ
ɫɭɳɟɫɬɜɨɜɚɧɢɹ) ɧɚɰɢɨɧɚɥɶɧɨɝɨ ɹɡɵɤɚ, ɤɨɬɨɪɚɹ ɯɚɪɚɤɬɟɪɢɡɭɟɬɫɹ ɬɚɤɢɦɢ
ɱɟɪɬɚɦɢ, ɤɚɤ ɧɨɪɦɚɬɢɜɧɨɫɬɶ, ɤɨɞɢɮɢɰɢɪɨɜɚɧɧɨɫɬɶ,
ɩɨɥɢɮɭɧɤɰɢɨɧɚɥɶɧɨɫɬɶ, ɫɬɢɥɢɫɬɢɱɟɫɤɚɹ ɞɢɮɮɟɪɟɧɰɢɪɨɜɚɧɧɨɫɬɶ, ɜɵɫɨɤɢɣ
ɫɨɰɢɚɥɶɧɵɣ ɩɪɟɫɬɢɠ ɜ ɫɪɟɞɟ ɧɨɫɢɬɟɥɟɣ ɞɚɧɧɨɝɨ ɧɚɰɢɨɧɚɥɶɧɨɝɨ ɹɡɵɤɚ.
Ʌɢɬɟɪɚɬɭɪɧɵɣ ɹɡɵɤ ɹɜɥɹɟɬɫɹ ɨɫɧɨɜɧɵɦ ɫɪɟɞɫɬɜɨɦ, ɨɛɫɥɭɠɢɜɚɸɳɢɦ
ɤɨɦɦɭɧɢɤɚɬɢɜɧɵɟ ɩɨɬɪɟɛɧɨɫɬɢ ɨɛɳɟɫɬɜɚ; ɨɧ ɩɪɨɬɢɜɨɩɨɫɬɚɜɥɟɧ
ɧɟɤɨɞɢɮɢɰɢɪɨɜɚɧɧɵɦ ɩɨɞɫɢɫɬɟɦɚɦ ɨɛɳɟɧɚɪɨɞɧɨɝɨ ɹɡɵɤɚ –
ɬɟɪɪɢɬɨɪɢɚɥɶɧɵɦ ɞɢɚɥɟɤɬɚɦ, ɩɪɨɫɬɨɪɟɱɢɸ, ɠɚɪɝɨɧɚɦ (ɫɨɰɢɚɥɶɧɵɦ
ɞɢɚɥɟɤɬɚɦ).
Ʌɢɬɟɪɚɬɭɪɧɵɣ ɹɡɵɤ ɯɚɪɚɤɬɟɪɢɡɭɟɬɫɹ ɫɥɟɞɭɸɳɢɦɢ ɫɜɨɣɫɬɜɚɦɢ,
ɨɬɥɢɱɚɸɳɢɦɢ ɟɝɨ ɨɬ ɞɪɭɝɢɯ ɩɨɞɫɢɫɬɟɦ ɧɚɰɢɨɧɚɥɶɧɨɝɨ ɹɡɵɤɚ:
1) ɧɨɪɦɢɪɨɜɚɧɧɨɫɬɶ; ɩɪɢ ɷɬɨɦ ɥɢɬɟɪɚɬɭɪɧɚɹ ɧɨɪɦɚ ɹɜɥɹɟɬɫɹ
ɪɟɡɭɥɶɬɚɬɨɦ ɧɟ ɬɨɥɶɤɨ ɹɡɵɤɨɜɨɣ ɬɪɚɞɢɰɢɢ, ɧɨ ɢ ɰɟɥɟɧɚɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɧɨɣ
ɤɨɞɢɮɢɤɚɰɢɢ,
ɡɚɤɪɟɩɥɹɟɦɨɣ ɜ ɝɪɚɦɦɚɬɢɤɚɯ ɢ ɫɥɨɜɚɪɹɯ;
2) ɩɨɥɢɮɭɧɤɰɢɨɧɚɥɶɧɨɫɬɶ: ɥɢɬɟɪɚɬɭɪɧɵɣ ɹɡɵɤ ɫɩɨɫɨɛɟɧ
ɨɛɫɥɭɠɢɜɚɬɶ ɤɨɦɦɭɧɢɤɚɬɢɜɧɵɟ ɩɨɬɪɟɛɧɨɫɬɢ ɥɸɛɨɣ ɫɮɟɪɵ ɞɟɹɬɟɥɶɧɨɫɬɢ;
3) ɮɭɧɤɰɢɨɧɚɥɶɧɚɹ ɞɢɮɮɟɪɟɧɰɢɪɨɜɚɧɧɨɫɬɶ ɫɪɟɞɫɬɜ ɢ ɫɜɹɡɚɧɧɚɹ ɫ
ɷɬɢɦ ɩɨɫɬɨɹɧɧɨ ɞɟɣɫɬɜɭɸɳɚɹ ɬɟɧɞɟɧɰɢɹ ɤ ɮɭɧɤɰɢɨɧɚɥɶɧɨɦɭ
ɪɚɡɝɪɚɧɢɱɟɧɢɸ ɜɚɪɢɚɧɬɨɜ;
4) ɤɨɦɦɭɧɢɤɚɬɢɜɧɚɹ ɰɟɥɟɫɨɨɛɪɚɡɧɨɫɬɶ; ɷɬɨ ɫɜɨɣɫɬɜɨ ɟɫɬɟɫɬɜɟɧɧɵɦ
ɨɛɪɚɡɨɦ ɜɵɬɟɤɚɟɬ ɢɡ ɱɥɟɧɟɧɢɹ ɥɢɬɟɪɚɬɭɪɧɨɝɨ ɹɡɵɤɚ ɧɚ ɮɭɧɤɰɢɨɧɚɥɶɧɵɟ
ɫɬɢɥɢ ɢ ɪɟɱɟɜɵɟ ɠɚɧɪɵ;
5) ɫɬɚɛɢɥɶɧɨɫɬɶ, ɦɟɞɥɟɧɧɚɹ ɢɡɦɟɧɹɟɦɨɫɬɶ. ɗɬɨ ɫɜɨɣɫɬɜɨ
ɨɛɟɫɩɟɱɢɜɚɟɬ ɫɜɹɡɶ ɦɟɠɞɭ ɫɦɟɧɹɸɳɢɦɢ ɞɪɭɝ ɞɪɭɝɚ ɩɨɤɨɥɟɧɢɹɦɢ
ɧɨɫɢɬɟɥɟɣ ɞɚɧɧɨɝɨ ɧɚɰɢɨɧɚɥɶɧɨɝɨ ɹɡɵɤɚ, ɢɯ ɜɡɚɢɦɨɩɨɧɢɦɚɧɢɟ.
ȼ ɫɨɰɢɚɥɶɧɨɦ ɢ ɤɨɦɦɭɧɢɤɚɬɢɜɧɨɦ ɨɬɧɨɲɟɧɢɹɯ ɨɞɧɢɦ ɢɡ ɜɚɠɧɟɣɲɢɯ
ɫɜɨɣɫɬɜ ɥɢɬɟɪɚɬɭɪɧɨɝɨ ɹɡɵɤɚ ɹɜɥɹɟɬɫɹ ɟɝɨ ɜɵɫɨɤɚɹ ɫɨɰɢɚɥɶɧɚɹ
ɩɪɟɫɬɢɠɧɨɫɬɶ: ɛɭɞɭɱɢ ɤɨɦɩɨɧɟɧɬɨɦ ɤɭɥɶɬɭɪɵ, ɥɢɬɟɪɚɬɭɪɧɵɣ ɹɡɵɤ
ɩɪɟɞɫɬɚɜɥɹɟɬ ɫɨɛɨɣ ɬɚɤɭɸ ɤɨɦɦɭɧɢɤɚɬɢɜɧɭɸ ɩɨɞɫɢɫɬɟɦɭ ɧɚɰɢɨɧɚɥɶɧɨɝɨ
ɹɡɵɤɚ, ɧɚ ɤɨɬɨɪɭɸ ɨɪɢɟɧɬɢɪɭɸɬɫɹ ɜɫɟ ɝɨɜɨɪɹɳɢɟ ɧɟɡɚɜɢɫɢɦɨ ɨɬ ɬɨɝɨ,
ɜɥɚɞɟɸɬ ɨɧɢ ɷɬɨɣ ɩɨɞɫɢɫɬɟɦɨɣ ɢɥɢ ɤɚɤɨɣ-ɥɢɛɨ ɞɪɭɝɨɣ.
6
ɨɤɪɚɫɤɨɣ, ɬ. ɟ. ɜ ɨɮɢɰɢɚɥɶɧɨɣ ɨɛɫɬɚɧɨɜɤɟ ɩɪɨɫɬɨɪɟɱɢɹɦɢ ɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɬɶɫɹ ɧɟ
ɪɟɤɨɦɟɧɞɨɜɚɧɨ.
    3. Ʉɪɨɦɟ ɬɨɝɨ, ɫɭɳɟɫɬɜɭɸɬ ɫɨɰɢɚɥɶɧɵɟ ɞɢɚɥɟɤɬɵ, ɤɨɬɨɪɵɟ ɬɚɤɠɟ ɧɟ
ɨɬɧɨɫɹɬɫɹ ɤ ɄɅə. ɋɨɰɢɚɥɶɧɵɟ ɞɢɚɥɟɤɬɵ – ɷɬɨ ɪɚɡɧɨɜɢɞɧɨɫɬɶ
ɨɛɳɟɧɚɪɨɞɧɨɝɨ ɹɡɵɤɚ, ɤɨɬɨɪɚɹ ɯɚɪɚɤɬɟɪɢɡɭɟɬɫɹ ɧɟ ɬɟɪɪɢɬɨɪɢɚɥɶɧɨɣ, ɤɚɤ
ɬɟɪɪɢɬɨɪɢɚɥɶɧɵɟ ɞɢɚɥɟɤɬɵ, ɚ ɫɨɰɢɚɥɶɧɨɣ ɨɝɪɚɧɢɱɟɧɧɨɫɬɶɸ. ɗɬɨɣ
ɪɚɡɧɨɜɢɞɧɨɫɬɶɸ ɩɨɥɶɡɭɸɬɫɹ ɪɚɡɥɢɱɧɵɟ ɫɨɰɢɚɥɶɧɵɟ ɝɪɭɩɩɵ. ɇɚɩɪɢɦɟɪ:
ɠɚɪɝɨɧ ɦɭɡɵɤɚɧɬɨɜ, ɠɚɪɝɨɧ ɯɚɤɟɪɨɜ, ɠɚɪɝɨɧ ɫɬɭɞɟɧɬɨɜ.
      ɂɬɚɤ, ɞɥɹ ɄɅə ɧɚɞɫɢɫɬɟɦɨɣ ɹɜɥɹɟɬɫɹ ɨɛɳɟɧɚɪɨɞɧɵɣ ɹɡɵɤ,
ɜɤɥɸɱɚɸɳɢɣ ɜ ɫɟɛɹ ɜɫɟ ɪɚɡɧɨɜɢɞɧɨɫɬɢ ɤɨɞɢɮɢɰɢɪɨɜɚɧɧɨɝɨ ɢ
ɧɟɤɨɞɢɮɢɰɢɪɨɜɚɧɧɨɝɨ ɹɡɵɤɚ.
      ɅɂɌȿɊȺɌɍɊɇɕɃ əɁɕɄ – ɧɚɞɞɢɚɥɟɤɬɧɚɹ ɩɨɞɫɢɫɬɟɦɚ (ɮɨɪɦɚ
ɫɭɳɟɫɬɜɨɜɚɧɢɹ) ɧɚɰɢɨɧɚɥɶɧɨɝɨ ɹɡɵɤɚ, ɤɨɬɨɪɚɹ ɯɚɪɚɤɬɟɪɢɡɭɟɬɫɹ ɬɚɤɢɦɢ
ɱɟɪɬɚɦɢ,          ɤɚɤ        ɧɨɪɦɚɬɢɜɧɨɫɬɶ,       ɤɨɞɢɮɢɰɢɪɨɜɚɧɧɨɫɬɶ,
ɩɨɥɢɮɭɧɤɰɢɨɧɚɥɶɧɨɫɬɶ, ɫɬɢɥɢɫɬɢɱɟɫɤɚɹ ɞɢɮɮɟɪɟɧɰɢɪɨɜɚɧɧɨɫɬɶ, ɜɵɫɨɤɢɣ
ɫɨɰɢɚɥɶɧɵɣ ɩɪɟɫɬɢɠ ɜ ɫɪɟɞɟ ɧɨɫɢɬɟɥɟɣ ɞɚɧɧɨɝɨ ɧɚɰɢɨɧɚɥɶɧɨɝɨ ɹɡɵɤɚ.
Ʌɢɬɟɪɚɬɭɪɧɵɣ ɹɡɵɤ ɹɜɥɹɟɬɫɹ ɨɫɧɨɜɧɵɦ ɫɪɟɞɫɬɜɨɦ, ɨɛɫɥɭɠɢɜɚɸɳɢɦ
ɤɨɦɦɭɧɢɤɚɬɢɜɧɵɟ       ɩɨɬɪɟɛɧɨɫɬɢ   ɨɛɳɟɫɬɜɚ;   ɨɧ   ɩɪɨɬɢɜɨɩɨɫɬɚɜɥɟɧ
ɧɟɤɨɞɢɮɢɰɢɪɨɜɚɧɧɵɦ         ɩɨɞɫɢɫɬɟɦɚɦ      ɨɛɳɟɧɚɪɨɞɧɨɝɨ      ɹɡɵɤɚ –
ɬɟɪɪɢɬɨɪɢɚɥɶɧɵɦ ɞɢɚɥɟɤɬɚɦ, ɩɪɨɫɬɨɪɟɱɢɸ, ɠɚɪɝɨɧɚɦ (ɫɨɰɢɚɥɶɧɵɦ
ɞɢɚɥɟɤɬɚɦ).
      Ʌɢɬɟɪɚɬɭɪɧɵɣ ɹɡɵɤ ɯɚɪɚɤɬɟɪɢɡɭɟɬɫɹ ɫɥɟɞɭɸɳɢɦɢ ɫɜɨɣɫɬɜɚɦɢ,
ɨɬɥɢɱɚɸɳɢɦɢ ɟɝɨ ɨɬ ɞɪɭɝɢɯ ɩɨɞɫɢɫɬɟɦ ɧɚɰɢɨɧɚɥɶɧɨɝɨ ɹɡɵɤɚ:
      1) ɧɨɪɦɢɪɨɜɚɧɧɨɫɬɶ; ɩɪɢ ɷɬɨɦ ɥɢɬɟɪɚɬɭɪɧɚɹ ɧɨɪɦɚ ɹɜɥɹɟɬɫɹ
ɪɟɡɭɥɶɬɚɬɨɦ ɧɟ ɬɨɥɶɤɨ ɹɡɵɤɨɜɨɣ ɬɪɚɞɢɰɢɢ, ɧɨ ɢ ɰɟɥɟɧɚɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɧɨɣ
ɤɨɞɢɮɢɤɚɰɢɢ, ɡɚɤɪɟɩɥɹɟɦɨɣ ɜ ɝɪɚɦɦɚɬɢɤɚɯ ɢ ɫɥɨɜɚɪɹɯ;
      2)   ɩɨɥɢɮɭɧɤɰɢɨɧɚɥɶɧɨɫɬɶ:      ɥɢɬɟɪɚɬɭɪɧɵɣ    ɹɡɵɤ   ɫɩɨɫɨɛɟɧ
ɨɛɫɥɭɠɢɜɚɬɶ ɤɨɦɦɭɧɢɤɚɬɢɜɧɵɟ ɩɨɬɪɟɛɧɨɫɬɢ ɥɸɛɨɣ ɫɮɟɪɵ ɞɟɹɬɟɥɶɧɨɫɬɢ;
      3) ɮɭɧɤɰɢɨɧɚɥɶɧɚɹ ɞɢɮɮɟɪɟɧɰɢɪɨɜɚɧɧɨɫɬɶ ɫɪɟɞɫɬɜ ɢ ɫɜɹɡɚɧɧɚɹ ɫ
ɷɬɢɦ ɩɨɫɬɨɹɧɧɨ ɞɟɣɫɬɜɭɸɳɚɹ ɬɟɧɞɟɧɰɢɹ ɤ ɮɭɧɤɰɢɨɧɚɥɶɧɨɦɭ
ɪɚɡɝɪɚɧɢɱɟɧɢɸ ɜɚɪɢɚɧɬɨɜ;
      4) ɤɨɦɦɭɧɢɤɚɬɢɜɧɚɹ ɰɟɥɟɫɨɨɛɪɚɡɧɨɫɬɶ; ɷɬɨ ɫɜɨɣɫɬɜɨ ɟɫɬɟɫɬɜɟɧɧɵɦ
ɨɛɪɚɡɨɦ ɜɵɬɟɤɚɟɬ ɢɡ ɱɥɟɧɟɧɢɹ ɥɢɬɟɪɚɬɭɪɧɨɝɨ ɹɡɵɤɚ ɧɚ ɮɭɧɤɰɢɨɧɚɥɶɧɵɟ
ɫɬɢɥɢ ɢ ɪɟɱɟɜɵɟ ɠɚɧɪɵ;
      5) ɫɬɚɛɢɥɶɧɨɫɬɶ, ɦɟɞɥɟɧɧɚɹ ɢɡɦɟɧɹɟɦɨɫɬɶ. ɗɬɨ ɫɜɨɣɫɬɜɨ
ɨɛɟɫɩɟɱɢɜɚɟɬ ɫɜɹɡɶ ɦɟɠɞɭ ɫɦɟɧɹɸɳɢɦɢ ɞɪɭɝ ɞɪɭɝɚ ɩɨɤɨɥɟɧɢɹɦɢ
ɧɨɫɢɬɟɥɟɣ ɞɚɧɧɨɝɨ ɧɚɰɢɨɧɚɥɶɧɨɝɨ ɹɡɵɤɚ, ɢɯ ɜɡɚɢɦɨɩɨɧɢɦɚɧɢɟ.
    ȼ ɫɨɰɢɚɥɶɧɨɦ ɢ ɤɨɦɦɭɧɢɤɚɬɢɜɧɨɦ ɨɬɧɨɲɟɧɢɹɯ ɨɞɧɢɦ ɢɡ ɜɚɠɧɟɣɲɢɯ
ɫɜɨɣɫɬɜ ɥɢɬɟɪɚɬɭɪɧɨɝɨ ɹɡɵɤɚ ɹɜɥɹɟɬɫɹ ɟɝɨ ɜɵɫɨɤɚɹ ɫɨɰɢɚɥɶɧɚɹ
ɩɪɟɫɬɢɠɧɨɫɬɶ: ɛɭɞɭɱɢ ɤɨɦɩɨɧɟɧɬɨɦ ɤɭɥɶɬɭɪɵ, ɥɢɬɟɪɚɬɭɪɧɵɣ ɹɡɵɤ
ɩɪɟɞɫɬɚɜɥɹɟɬ ɫɨɛɨɣ ɬɚɤɭɸ ɤɨɦɦɭɧɢɤɚɬɢɜɧɭɸ ɩɨɞɫɢɫɬɟɦɭ ɧɚɰɢɨɧɚɥɶɧɨɝɨ
ɹɡɵɤɚ, ɧɚ ɤɨɬɨɪɭɸ ɨɪɢɟɧɬɢɪɭɸɬɫɹ ɜɫɟ ɝɨɜɨɪɹɳɢɟ ɧɟɡɚɜɢɫɢɦɨ ɨɬ ɬɨɝɨ,
ɜɥɚɞɟɸɬ ɨɧɢ ɷɬɨɣ ɩɨɞɫɢɫɬɟɦɨɣ ɢɥɢ ɤɚɤɨɣ-ɥɢɛɨ ɞɪɭɝɨɣ.
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