Иностранный язык. Леденева Т.В - 46 стр.

                                          V. КОНТРОЛЬНАЯ РАБОТА
                           Текст для перевода с английского языка на русский
                                  для студентов факультета управления
                                               The job of management
                          What is management? Are there certain functions that all managers
                      perform regardless of whether they are company presidents, managers of
                      departments, or supervisors of department sections? If we watch manag-
                      ers at work, we might conclude that their jobs differ so widely in content
                      and scope that no generalizations about management are possible.
                          One reason for this is that many managers, even top managers, do
                      work that is not management at all. A simple example is the sales manager
                      who actually sells in addition to managing the sales force. Again, the su-
                      pervisor of a research group may actually perform some of the research
                      himself. In these cases the managers are actually spending only part of
                      their time on managing itself.
                          A second reason why it may be difficult to identify the functions com-
                      mon to all managers is that the scope of their activities differs widely. In
                      some cases the way a manager carries out his functions affects the entire
                      company; in other cases only a small part of it.
                          Yet if we look closely at managers at work, we can see that fundamen-
                      tally they are all performing the same functions during the time they are
                      actually managing rather than doing work similar to that done by those
                      under them. These functions are planning, organizing, directing, control-
                      ling, leading, representing and decision-making. None of the management
                      functions can be performed without communication.
                          The field of management has drawn on sociology, psychology, eco-
                      nomics, and other disciplines, and it is in these areas that the manager can
                      learn from study as well as from experience and trial and error. He still
                      needs plenty of intelligence, common sense, and business judgment - and
                      even the inspired hunch may still have a place. But the knowledge of what
                      others have learned about the various aspects of management will help
                      him use his native abilities more effectively.




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