Основы теории английского языка. Листунова Е.И. - 29 стр.

                          SEMANTIC FIELDS

      In recent years, there has been, a good deal of work devoted to
the investigation of lexical systems in the vocabularies of different
languages, with particular reference to such fields (or domains) as
kinshi p, colour, floraand fauna, weights and measures, military ranks,
moral and aesthetic evaluation, and various kinds of knowledge, skill
and understanding. The results obtained have conclusively demonstrat-
ed the value of the structural approach to semantics, and have con-
firmed the pronouncements of such earlier scholars as von Hum-
boldt, de Saussure and Sapir to the effect that the vocabularies of
different languages (in certain fields at least) are non-isomorphic: that
there are semantic distinctions made in one language which are not
made in another; moreover, that particular fields may be categorized
in a totally different way by different languages. This fact is expressed
in Saussurean terms by saying that each language imposes a specific
form on the a priori undifferentiated substance of the content-plane.
                    John Lyons. Introduction to Theoretical Linguistics

                       TASKS AND EXERCISES
      I.
      Arrange the following units into three lexical sets — feelings, parts
of the body, education:
      academy, affection, arm, back, belly, body, bone, book, brow,
calf, calmness, cheek, chest, classes, classmate, coaching, college,
contempt, contentment, correspondence, course, curriculum, day-
student, delight, don, drill, ear, education, elbow, encyclopedia,
enthusiasm, envy, erudition, excitement, exercise, exhilaration, eye,
face, faclty, finger, foot, forehead, frustration, grammar, hair, hand,
happiness, hate, head, headmaster, heel, homework, ignorance, im-
patience, indifference, indignation, instruction, jealousy, joint, kind-
ness, knee, knowledge, knuckle, learning, lecturer, leg, lesson, li-
brary, limb, love, malice, master, neck, nose, passion, pedagogy,
primer, professor, rapture, reader, relief, restlessness, satisfaction,
scholar, schoolboy, schooling, science, scientist, seminar, shock,
smattering, student, sympathy, teacher, teaching, staff, temple, ten-
derness, textbook, thigh, thrill, thumb, toe, torso, training, tuition,
tutor, undergraduate, university, unrest, waist, wrath.


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