Инфинитив. Часть I: Лексико-грамматический практикум по английскому языку. Марченко О.В. - 6 стр.

     Îíà õî÷åò, ÷òîáû ñ íåé ãîâîðèëè ïî-àíãëèéñêè âåñü óðîê.
     - I have letters to have been written in English.
     Ó ìåíÿ åñòü ïèñüìà, êîòîðûå áûëè íàïèñàíû ïî-àíãëèéñêè.
     Ñëåäóåò ïîìíèòü, ÷òî èíôèíèòèâ â ñòðàäàòåëüíîì çàëîãå
(Passive Voice) ïåðåâîäèòñÿ, êàê ïðàâèëî, íà ðóññêèé ÿçûê
ïðèäàòî÷íûì ïðåäëîæåíèåì, êîòîðîå ââîäèòñÿ ðàçëè÷íûìè
ïîä÷èíèòåëüíûìè ñîþçàìè.
      4. Àíãëèéñêèå ìîäàëüíûå ãëàãîëû (MUST, CAN, MAY), ïîñëå
êîòîðûõ óïîòðåáëåí Continuous èëè Perfect Infinitive, òåðÿþò ñâîå
ìîäàëüíîå çíà÷åíèå, íî ïðèîáðåòàþò çíà÷åíèå ñîìíåíèÿ,
íàìåðåíèÿ, ïðåäïîëîæåíèÿ âûïîëíåíèÿ äåéñòâèÿ.
      Íàïðèìåð:
      - They MUST have completed their work. = Âåðîÿòíî, îíè
çàêîí÷èëè ñâîþ ðàáîòó.
      - You COULD have done it better. = Âû ìîãëè áû ñäåëàòü ýòî
ëó÷øå.
      - They COULDN’T be translating the text without the dictio-
nary. = Íå ìîæåò áûòü, ÷òîáû îíè ïåðåâîäèëè òåêñò áåç ñëîâàðÿ.
     Ñèíòàêñè÷åñêàÿ ôóíêöèÿ èíôèíèòèâà:
     1. Ïîäëåæàùåå:
     -To read is useful. = ×èòàòü ïîëåçíî.
     -To fulfil this plan is not an easy task. = Âûïîëíèòü ýòîò ïëàí
— íåëåãêàÿ çàäà÷à.
     2. ×àñòü ñîñòàâíîãî ñêàçóåìîãî:
     - His dream was to become an artist. = Åãî ìå÷òîé áûëî ñòàòü
õóäîæíèêîì.
     - He cannot read English at all. = Îí ñîâñåì íå ìîæåò ÷èòàòü
ïî-àíãëèéñêè.
     - We have to go there immediately. = Ìû äîëæíû èäòè òóäà
íåìåäëåííî.
     - The problem was to get there in time. = Ïðîáëåìà áûëà â
òîì, ÷òîáû äîáðàòüñÿ òóäà âîâðåìÿ.
     - Such phenomena can be observed in the north only. = Òàêèå
ÿâëåíèÿ ìîæíî íàáëþäàòü òîëüêî íà ñåâåðå.
     - He had to get there before my coming.= Îí äîëæåí áûë
äîáðàòüñÿ òóäà äî ìîåãî ïðèõîäà.
     - He began to read this story yesterday. = Îí íà÷àë ÷èòàòü ýòîò

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