Computer in Use. Маркушевская Л.П - 38 стр.

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Университет ИТМО | Санкт-Петербург

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38
Exercise 4. Make nouns from the following verbs according to the model and
translate them.
Verb+-tion (-ation)
create, connect, communicate, promote, explore, prepare, destine, inform, realize,
civilize, allocate.
Exercise 5. Make acknowledge of the terms that you will find in the texts.
1. The Internet
that became the crucial event in development of civilization is a
worldwide network of computer networks communicating through a common
language.
2. Network
is a system of computers which are connected together to share program,
data, printers, etc. The Internet is effectively a worldwide network of networks.
3. Processing
may be termed as doing calculations needed to deal with given
information. The central unit of a computer, processor
, is used for that.
TEXT 1
Comprehensive reading
Part I
While translating the text pay special attention to the italicised sentences in all
parts of the text.
THE INTERNET & WWW HISTORY
There is an opinion that if one were to suggest one single occurrence which led
to the creation of the Internet, it would be the Soviet Union's launch of Sputnik
(Satellite) in 1957. This seminal incident in space exploration caused then American
President Dwight David Eisenhower to appoint MIT President James Killian as his
assistant for science and to create a new department within the Department of
Defense named the Advanced Research Projects Agency (ARPA).
ARPA became the answer to the rising American Cold war paranoia about
military inferiority, fueled not least by the Sputnik success. The agency was designed
to perform long term high risk / high payoff research and development, and in this
context put great emphasis on the development of the fledgling computer technology.
It was noted by ARPA that too many resources had been allocated by public and
private research in order to produce short-term advances in computer hardware and
software. The Agency realized that machines needed greater capability to interact
with each other to gather relevant information, solve problems, anticipate data
requirements, communicate effectively across distances, present information visually
and do all this automatically. Enormous work had to be done.
To begin with, ARPA founded Information Processing Techniques Offices
(IPTO) and a psychologist Licklider was appointed as the first director. The

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