Computer in Use. Маркушевская Л.П - 50 стр.

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Университет ИТМО | Санкт-Петербург

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50
Nouns
1 2
1. destination
2. infancy
3. receiver
4. circumstances
5. conception
a) idea
b) addressee
c) sender
d) childhood
e) address
f) conditions
Exercise 4. Make new words from the following nouns according to the model and
translate them.
Pre- +noun
disposition, face, text, vision, position, diction, history.
Scan-reading
THE INTERNET INVENTORS
In 1979 Paul Baran, Vint Cerf, Jon Postel and Bob Braden proposed the
Internet conception.
Its prehistory dates back to the early 1970s when the RAND Corporation,
America's foremost Cold War think-tank, faced a strategic problem. The question
was: how could the US Army communicate under circumstances of nuclear war, in
zones involved into military operations? It was the Internet that became the answer.
Each message is split into data packets and sent out via the computer network. Then
it goes to its destination by whatever route was available, passing through many other
computers, each of them being a part of the global network. In case one packet is
missing, a receiver asks a sender to send the missing packet again. The above
mentioned individuals were carrying out that research.
Paul Baran, then the employee of the RAND Corporation, was running the
DARPANet (Defense Advanced Research Project Network).
Vint Cerf, a.k.a.* the Father of the Internet, invented computer protocols for
the DARPANet, which allowed communication between computers of various types.
Jon Postel was the Project Leader for one of the National Science Foundation
Project and the Gigabit Network Communication Research Project. These two highly
technical projects were completely incomprehensible to those who were not foremost
scientists like Jon Postel. Postel had an M.Sc. degree in Engineering and a Ph.D. in
Computer Science.
But the most relevant figure in Internet creating was a young Englishman who
single-handedly made the World Wide Web. His name is Tim Berners-Lee. Actually,
he did not participate in creating the Internet itself, but he designed the World Wide
Web, the "killer application" of the Internet. The Web is the reason for which
millions of people dive into the Net. Even though still in its infancy, the Web is
fascinating, it's a global library. Once it's fully formed, it could be awesome. Tim

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