Computer in Use. Маркушевская Л.П - 71 стр.

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Университет ИТМО | Санкт-Петербург

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71
Then came modern computers, which had more processing power and more
memory. Their translation engines are able to adopt less direct approach, using what
is called "linguistic knowledge". It is this that allowed to produce e-j bank and to
succeed with "Tsunami" and "Typhoon" - the first Japanese language - translation
software to run on the standard (English) version of Microsoft Windows. Linguistic
knowledge translators have two sets of grammatical rules - one for the source
language and one for the target language. They also have a lot of information about
the idiomatic differences between the languages to stop them making silly mistakes.
Having been designed from the start for use on a personal computer rather than
a powerful workstation or even a mainframe, "Tsunami" (English to Japanese) and
"Typhoon"(Japanese to English) use memory extremely efficiently. As a result, they
are fast on the latest PCs - translating at speed more than 30.000 words an hour. Do
they produce perfect translations at the click of a mouse? Not at all. The machine
translation comes at first to the hands of expert translators to get their teeth into. One
mistake that the earlier researchers made was to imagine that only fully automated
machine translation would suffice.
Notes
e-j bank – Англо-Японский банк слов
howlers – грубейшие ошибки
polish up - улучшать
source language – исходный язык
target language – выходной язык
to get teeth into – тщательно (внимательно) изучать
workstation – рабочее место со всем компьютерным оборудованием
COMPREHENSION CHECK
Exercise 1. Say what you have learned about:
a) the direct "transformer" approach in machine translation
b) the "linguistic knowledge" method in machine translation
Exercise 2. Answer the questions.
1.
What did machine translation lack since its earliest days?
2. Why have the Japanese researchers made energetic steps towards a reliable
machine translation?
Exercise 3. Comment on the following statements.
1. The only purpose of machine translation is to produce a perfect translation at the
click of a mouse.
2. Machine translation is to provide expert translators with good first drafts to polish
up.
LANGUAGE ACTIVITY

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