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Newton(s first scientific publication concerned his theory of light and
colours. In his publication he founded the science of spectroscopy.
However, Newton(s discoveries at first met strong objections. Among
those who refused to accept them were Christian Huygens, the Dutch
mathematician, astronomer and physicist, and Robert Hook. Newton(s long
controversy
3
with them had a great effect upon him. For some time he
published no further works.
Probably, his most famous work is the manuscript for the Royal Society
known as “Principia”, which includes (in the form of theoremes and proofs) the
presentation of one of the most fundamental laws of the universe – the law of
gravity.
Newton died in 1727 and was buried in Westminster Abbey, with
England(s heroes.
Notes:
1
to be on display – выставляться;
2
a fellow – член (общества, коллегии);
3
controversy – спор, противоречие.
Text 2
The atomic power plant uses energy from the splitting of atoms, usually
from a form of uranium 235 or plutonium.
The secret of atomic energy lies in the peculiar
1
characteristics of atom
like those of U-235. The nucleus of element 92, uranium, contains 92 protons
and, usually, 146 neutrons together.
When it is penetrated
2
by an extra neutron, the U-235 nucleus
undergoes
3
fission
4
or splits into two fragments. The two pieces do not quite
add up to the original U-235 atom. A tiny bit of the original atomic matter is
converted into an enormous amount of energy, and two or three neutrons are
shot out. These in turn may split the nuclei of other U-235 atoms, setting off a
“chain reaction”.
Notes:
1
peculiar – особый, удивительный;
2
penetrated – проникать;
3
undergo – подвергать, претерпевать;
4
fission – деление (атомного ядра).
Newton(s first scientific publication concerned his theory of light and
colours. In his publication he founded the science of spectroscopy.
However, Newton(s discoveries at first met strong objections. Among
those who refused to accept them were Christian Huygens, the Dutch
mathematician, astronomer and physicist, and Robert Hook. Newton(s long
controversy3 with them had a great effect upon him. For some time he
published no further works.
Probably, his most famous work is the manuscript for the Royal Society
known as “Principia”, which includes (in the form of theoremes and proofs) the
presentation of one of the most fundamental laws of the universe – the law of
gravity.
Newton died in 1727 and was buried in Westminster Abbey, with
England(s heroes.
Notes:
1
to be on display – выставляться;
2
a fellow – член (общества, коллегии);
3
controversy – спор, противоречие.
Text 2
The atomic power plant uses energy from the splitting of atoms, usually
from a form of uranium 235 or plutonium.
The secret of atomic energy lies in the peculiar1 characteristics of atom
like those of U-235. The nucleus of element 92, uranium, contains 92 protons
and, usually, 146 neutrons together.
When it is penetrated2 by an extra neutron, the U-235 nucleus
undergoes3 fission4 or splits into two fragments. The two pieces do not quite
add up to the original U-235 atom. A tiny bit of the original atomic matter is
converted into an enormous amount of energy, and two or three neutrons are
shot out. These in turn may split the nuclei of other U-235 atoms, setting off a
“chain reaction”.
Notes:
1
peculiar – особый, удивительный;
2
penetrated – проникать;
3
undergo – подвергать, претерпевать;
4
fission – деление (атомного ядра).
