Английский язык. Мехеда О.Б. - 20 стр.

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3 Comte believed that society could be improved by a theoretical science of
society and systematic study of behaviour.
4. Comte liked and worked in the relatively prosperous France of the 19th
century.
5. Under the unstable conditions of the 1800s, Comte hoped for more rational
human interactions.
6. He thought it could be done with the help of systematic study of social
behaviour.
7. For Comte, sociology was the "queen" of all sciences.
8. Comte didn't question the value of the new discipline.
9. Spencer didn’t want to correct or improve society.
10. He wasn't familiar with Comte's work.
11. Spencer was influenced by Darwin's evolutionary theory.
12. To explain the change of society over time, Spencer used Comte's concept.
13. Spencer's viewpoint of evolutionary changes in society was trusted and
supported.
14. Comte and Spencer had one common idea of systematic study of human
behaviour.
12. Answer the following questions:
1. Why is the situation in the 19th-century France called chaotic?
2. Who's the most influential French philosopher of the 1800s?
3. What was Comte's viewpoint on the opportunities of a theoretical science of
society?
4. What science did Comte apply the new term to?
5 . Did Comte have any challenge to the newly-born discipline?
6. What, in Comte's opinion, could lead to more rational human interactions?
7. Where did he place sociology in his hierarchy of sciences? What names did
he apply to sociology and its practitioners?
8. Did Spencer have the same idea of the improvement of society?
9. Whose concept is Spencer's approach to social change based upon?
10. What helped Spencer argue that wealth and poverty were natural? 11. Why
was his approach so popular in Victorian England?
12. Who influenced scholarly thinking more: Comte or Spencer?
13. How did Spencer explain that radical social changes or active work for
change were not needed?
14. What circles supported and trusted Spencer?
15. What is one thing Comte and Spencer agreed upon?
.
13. Speak on a) Comte's contribution to sociology;
b) Spencer’s concepts.
14. Give a summary of the text (10-8 sentences).
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