Деньги - Money. Невежина С.Б - 21 стр.

      3. If we pass a beggar in the street and give him nothing,                                  GOLD FEVER7
afterwards we are likely to:
      a) think we were right if he looked young and well-fed;                In 1848, when gold was discovered in California, John Sutter
      b) realise we were mistaken in this impression;                  was already one of the wealthiest people in the state. By 1850 he was a
      c) regret it;                                                    ruined man.
      d) feel happy because we are not in his situation.                      A Private Empire
                                                                              Sutter was a Swiss immigrant who came to California in 1839,
       4. Why is a woman called Violet more likely to leave money to   intent on building his own private empire. At that time, the state was a
charity than one called Marilyn? Because:                              distant outpost that only a handful of Americans had seen. San Francisco
       a) she is probably older;                                       had just a few hundred residents. Sutter built a fort, and soon he had
       b) she is probably richer;                                      12,000 head of cattle and hundreds of workers.
       c) she probably belongs to a higher social class;                      By the mid-1840s, more and more Americans were trickling
       d) it is a more beautiful name.                                 into California by wagon and ship. Sutter welcomed the newcomers:
                                                                       he saw them as subjects for his new kingdom. But he had no idea that
      5. People who use the box marked 'other' on an advertisement     the trickle would become a flood, a deluge of humanity that would
for charity with other boxes marked for fixed amounts:                 destroy his dream.
      a) are not expected to give as much as the minimum box;
      b) are expected to give more than the maximum box;                     Discovery
      c) don't know how much to give;                                        At the beginning of 1848, Sutter sent James Marshall and about
      d) are usually less generous than other people.                  twenty men to the American River to build a sawmill. It was nearly
                                                                       complete when a glint of something caught Marshall's eye. Later he
____________________________________________________                   wrote, 'I reached my hand down and picked it up: it made my heart
                                                                       thump, for I was certain it was gold. The piece was about half the size
                  SUPPLEMENTARY TASKS                                  and shape of a pea. Then I saw another'.

      Block 1                                                                The 'Forty-Niners'
      MONEY TALKS                                                            By the end of the year, whispers of a gold strike had drifted
                                                                       eastward across the country – but few easterners believed it until
      READING                                                          President James Polk made a statement to Congress on December 5,
                                                                       1848. The discovery, he declared, was a fact. Within days 'gold fever'
      1. Read the article and explain the links between the
following.
                                                                       descended on the country.
      a) John Sutter – a private empire – disillusion                        The news was telegraphed to every village, to every town.
      b) James Marshall – a sawmill – half a pea                       Hundreds of thousands of people, almost all of them men, began to
      c) President James Polk – the gold rush – the 'Forty-Niners'     prepare for the epic journey west. They sold possessions, mortgaged
                                                                       farms, borrowed money, and banded together with others from their
                                                                       towns to form joint stock companies. They said their goodbyes and
                                                                       streamed west – thousands of young adventurers willing to take a

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