Английский язык. Никитина С.Я. - 45 стр.

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45
to emission reduction that could reach 50 per cent of those from diesel fuel, the use of
LNG also promises important fuel cost savings.
The first testing of LNG was begun by Burlington Northern Railroad in 1982,
and 10 years later BN began operating two LNG-fuelled locomotives in coal train
service. More recently, however, BN successor Burlington Northern Santa Fe has come
to the conclusion that LNG does not have significant application for medium horse-
power units, and has stopped the test program.
Instead, BNSF thinks that LNG will have more application for high horse-power
units, and is now converting some of its engines for LNG tests.
Early in 1994, Union Pacific started a 15 million dollars LNG test program that
includes four 4000 HP road locomotives and two 1200 HP shunting locomotives. Road
locomotives will be dual-fuel units operating both on gas and diesel fuel. Although all
four units have now been delivered, LNG-test operation has not yet begun. UP expects
to work out some engine design problems soon, and to begin test on LNG operation
with at least one locomotive later.
UP is already testing two LNG shunting locomotives in the Los Angeles area.
The Caterpillar 3516 engine used in the shunters uses spark ignition which reduces
NOx emission. BNSF is also testing two shunters.
T
EXT VI
Read the text and translate it with a dictionary. Do it in written form. Use
the terminological dictionary provided at the end of the present manual.
E
LECTRIC CIRCUIT OF THE DIESEL-ELECTRIC LOCOMOTIVE
The electric circuit ensures automatic diesel starting, the starting of the
locomotive and effective utilization of diesel power. The operational experience with
diesel devices has shown that locomotive electric circuit requires several protection
devices. The traction generator and rectifier units are protected against short-circuit and
when this protection operates, a light signal “Load drop” appears on the control panel.
This signal also lights up when the power circuit protection operates for insulation
failure. If any switch is set erroneously, the locomotive will not move because a special
relay is provided for such cases in the circuit. If, when the locomotive runs, the door of
the equipment chamber or rectifier unit is opened, the excitation of the traction
generator will be stopped and power circuits broken. Thus, the personnel is protected
against high-voltage hazards. In such cases the signal “Load drop” on the control panel
is illuminated.
The electric circuit of the locomotive provides protection for the diesel. When
the oil pressure drops below 3 kg/cm
2
, the load is removed from the diesel, and
illuminated signals appear on the control panel: “Load drop” and “Oil pressure”. If the
oil pressure drops below 3 kg/cm
2
the electric circuit provides for stopping of the
diesel. When the maximum permissible temperatures of the water and oil reach 98
o
and

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