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VI. а) Прочтите текст и ответьте на вопрос:
Why did Benjamin Franklin's invention play a great role in
соmmunication?
TELEGRAPH.
1. Benjamin Franklin was an American, famous for his interest-
ing and useful inventions. He published his ideas about electric-
ity in 1752. Scientists in many countries became interested in
this wonderful form of energy. They wanted to find the answer
to a very important question: «Could electricity be used to de-
velop a fast efficient system of long-distance communication?»
2. Another American, Samuel Morse, who was a portrait painter,
made experiments with an electric telegraph . At first, he con-
nected a pencil to an electric wire. When the electricity came
through the wire, the pencil made wavy lines. Morse invented a
code that used dots and dashed for the letters of the alphabet.
Finally he discovered that telegraph messages could be sent in
sound.
3. On the 24th of May, 1844, the first long-distance message
was sent by telegraph from Washington, D. C., to Baltimore,
Maryland 64 kilometres.
4. Telegraph companies were formed in many cities. By 1861
telegraph wires stretched across the United States from the, At-
lantic to the Pacific. In Europe, too, Samuel Morse's system be-
came popular.
5. But telegraph wires couldn't bе hung over the ocean. The At-
lantic Telegraph Company, which was organized in 1856, de-
cided to try to lay a cable on the floor of the Atlantic Ocean.
England and the United States contributed money for this ex-
periment.
6. Many attempts were made by ships from both countries. The
4,000-kilometer cable broke three times. Each time, more
money had to be raised. Finally, on the 7th of July, 1866,the
first transatlantic message was sent from Newfoundland to Ire-
land. Later, cables were laid to Asia and Australia. At last,
newsstand business information could be sent instantly to al-
most every country in the world.
б) Прочитайте текст еще раз и проверьте себя, как вы
поняли текст, выбрав правильный ответ, соответст-
вующий его содержанию:
1. Benjamin Franklin became famous for:
a) painting portraits .
b) his contribution in the field of electricity
c) laying a cable at the bottom of the ocean
2. Samuel Morse is famous for
a) his inventing the telegraph
b) his perfecting the telegraph and developing a
special code to send messages by telegraph
c) painting different peoples’ portraits
3. The first long-distance message was sent by telegraph
a) from Newfoundland to Ireland
b) from Washington, D.C., to Baltimore
c) from America to Asia
4. It was difficult to send the first transatlantic messages be-
cause
a) cables were not good enough
b) cables had to be laid on the bottom of the
ocean
money had to be raised. Finally, on the 7th of July, 1866,the
first transatlantic message was sent from Newfoundland to Ire-
VI. а) Прочтите текст и ответьте на вопрос: land. Later, cables were laid to Asia and Australia. At last,
Why did Benjamin Franklin's invention play a great role in newsstand business information could be sent instantly to al-
соmmunication? most every country in the world.
TELEGRAPH. б) Прочитайте текст еще раз и проверьте себя, как вы
поняли текст, выбрав правильный ответ, соответст-
1. Benjamin Franklin was an American, famous for his interest- вующий его содержанию:
ing and useful inventions. He published his ideas about electric-
ity in 1752. Scientists in many countries became interested in 1. Benjamin Franklin became famous for:
this wonderful form of energy. They wanted to find the answer
to a very important question: «Could electricity be used to de- a) painting portraits .
velop a fast efficient system of long-distance communication?» b) his contribution in the field of electricity
2. Another American, Samuel Morse, who was a portrait painter, c) laying a cable at the bottom of the ocean
made experiments with an electric telegraph . At first, he con-
nected a pencil to an electric wire. When the electricity came 2. Samuel Morse is famous for
through the wire, the pencil made wavy lines. Morse invented a
code that used dots and dashed for the letters of the alphabet. a) his inventing the telegraph
Finally he discovered that telegraph messages could be sent in b) his perfecting the telegraph and developing a
sound. special code to send messages by telegraph
3. On the 24th of May, 1844, the first long-distance message c) painting different peoples’ portraits
was sent by telegraph from Washington, D. C., to Baltimore,
Maryland 64 kilometres. 3. The first long-distance message was sent by telegraph
4. Telegraph companies were formed in many cities. By 1861
telegraph wires stretched across the United States from the, At- a) from Newfoundland to Ireland
lantic to the Pacific. In Europe, too, Samuel Morse's system be- b) from Washington, D.C., to Baltimore
came popular. c) from America to Asia
5. But telegraph wires couldn't bе hung over the ocean. The At-
lantic Telegraph Company, which was organized in 1856, de- 4. It was difficult to send the first transatlantic messages be-
cided to try to lay a cable on the floor of the Atlantic Ocean. cause
England and the United States contributed money for this ex-
periment. a) cables were not good enough
6. Many attempts were made by ships from both countries. The b) cables had to be laid on the bottom of the
4,000-kilometer cable broke three times. Each time, more ocean
