Business writing (деловое письмо). Палагина С.С. - 72 стр.

      The payer buys a cheque from the bank for the amount he wants to pay and
sends it to the payee. Banks usually require two of their Directors' signatures on
drafts, and make a small charge.
       Bill of exchange
      The seller draws a bill on the buyer. The bill states that the buyer will pay the
seller an amount within a stated time, e.g. 30 days. The bill is sent to the buyer either
by post, or through a bank, and the buyer signs (accepts) the bill before the goods are
sent. If this is done through a bank, the bank will ask the buyer to accept the bill
before handing over the shipping documents; this is known as a documents against
acceptance (D/A) transaction.
       Letter of credit
      This method of payment can be used internally, but is more common in overseas
transactions.

      4.8.2 Methods of payment: foreign trade

       Cheque
     It is possible to pay an overseas suplier by cheque, but it takes a long time
before the supplier gets his money. In a German/UK transaction, for example, the
supplier could wait up to three weeks for payment.
       International Giro
     Payment by International Giro, which replaced Money Orders, can be made
whether the buyer has an account or not, and to a supplier whether he has an account
or not. The International Giro form is obtained from any Post Office, fiilled out, then
handed to the Post Office who forwards the order to the Giro centre which will send
the amount to a Post Office in the beneficiary's country where the supplier will
receive a postal cheque. He can then either cash it, or pay it into his bank account.
Giros are charged at a flat rate.
       International money orders
     International Money Order can be bought at most banks in the UK and are paid
for in sterling or dollars. The bank fills out the order for the customer, then for a
small charge, hands the IMO over, and the buyer sends it to the beneficiary, i.e. the
person receiving the money. IMOs can be cashed or credited to the recipient's
account.
       Bank transfer
     Payment can be made by ordering a home bank to transfer money to an overseas
account. If telegraphed, the transfer is known as a telegraphic transfer (TT), and if
mailed, a mail transfer (MT). The Society for Worldwide Interbank Financial
Communications (SWIFT) offers facilities for a 24-hour transfer of money to a
beneficiary on its computer systems.
       International bankers draft
     This is banker's cheque which the bank draws on itself and sells to the customer,
who then sends it to his supplier as he would an ordinary inland cheque. So if you
have to pay your supplier £2,000, you purchase the cheque for that amount, plus

                                                                                      72