Динамика двигателей внутренннего сгорания. Панов В.В - 54 стр.

UptoLike

54
Dhjhfukehfh`_lih\hjZqb\ZlvkygZiZevp_\ih^rbigbdZob
Ijbih^\_rb\Zgbb]jmaZgZjuqZ]gZ]jmadZgZfZoh\bd^_fin_jZ
i_j_^Z_lkyq_j_admeZqhdbdhjhfukeh. >eywlh]h \ie_qb dhjhfukeZ
\\bgq_gu[heludhlhju_mibjZxlky\]heh\db[helh\mklZgh\e_g
guo gZ fZoh\bd_ Ih\hjZqb\Zy [helu  fh`gh hlj_]mebjh\Zlv bo lZd
qlh[u hgb h[Z dZkZebkv]heh\hd [helh\ < wlhf kemqZ_ fZoh\bd [m^_l
gZ]jm`Zlvkyqbklufdjmlysbffhf_glhf
Ijbkihkh[e_gb_ iha\hey_lhkms_kl\blv f]gh\_gguc k[jhk gZ]jmadb
>eywlh]hg_kgbfZy]jmaZgm`ghih\_jgmlvjuqZ]Ijbwlhfdhjh
fukehhk\h[h`^Z_lkyhlmihjZ\dmeZqhd b^_fin_jjZa]jm`Z_lkyIjm
`bgZ\ha\jZsZ_ldhjhfukeh\bkoh^gh_iheh`_gb_
K\h[h^gu_ dhe_[Zgby fZoh\bdZ ^_fin_jZ i_j_^Zxlky ieZklbgd_
8
`_kldh aZdj_ie_gghc gZ fZoh\bd_kihfhsvx djhgrl_cgZ 19. >jm]bf
dhgphfieZklbgZmibjZ_lky\mihjumklZgh\e_ggu_gZdjhgrl_cgZo20gZ
g_ih^\b`ghcqZklb^_fin_jZGZieZklbgmk^\moklhjhggZde__gul_gah
j_abklhju
21,
kihfhsvx dhlhjuofh`ghaZibkZlvdhe_[ZgbygZhkpbeeh
]jZffm
>eykgylbyi_leb]bkl_j_abkZdhjhfukeh`_kldhkh_^bgy_lky[he
lZfbgZjbkmgd_g_ihdZaZgulZddZdmklZgZ\eb\Zxlky\gmljbdmeZqdh\
6)
kjuqZ]hfbfZoh\bdhf^_fin_jZWlhiha\hey_lijhba\h^blvaZdjmldm
fZoh\bdZ\^\mogZijZ\e_gbyoIjbwlhfbaf_g_gb_gZijZ\e_gbyfhf_glZ
hkms_kl\ey_lky l_f `_ ]jmahfijb ihfhsb ljhkZ i_j_dbgmlh]h q_j_a
[ehd GZ fZoh\bd_ ^_fin_jZ mdj_iey_lky g_[hevrhc juqZ`hd i_j_^Zx
sbcm]eh\u_i_j_f_s_gbyfZoh\bdZrlhdmbg^bdZlhjZkp_ghc^_e_gby
ff
Hldehg_gby klj_edb bg^bdZlhjZ j_]bkljbjmxlky ijb gZ]jm`_gbb b
jZa]jm`_gbb^_fin_jZ\^\mogZijZ\e_gbyowlhiha\hey_lhij_^_eblv\_
ebqbgm qbklh]h fhf_glZ \ Gvxlhg-f_ljZo b m]he aZdjmqb\Zgby \ jZ^bZ
gZoqlh^Z_l\hafh`ghklvihkljhblv^eyj_abgh\h]hkehyi_lex]bkl_j_
abkZ\dhhj^bgZlZoM
- ϕ.
<lZ[eijb\_^_guagZq_gbym]eh\aZdjmldbϕ\jZ^bZgZoh^gh]hba
^_fin_jh\ \ aZ\bkbfhklb hl fhf_glZ M ih ^Zgguf dhlhjuo ihkljh_gZ
i_ley]bkl_j_abkZjbk3).
Ih ^Zgguf wdki_jbf_glZevguo bkke_^h\Zgbc mkj_^g_gguc dhwnnb
pb_gl`_kldhklbCj_abgh\h]hkehy
     Dhjhfukehfh`_lih\hjZqb\ZlvkygZiZevp_\ih^rbigbdZob
Ijbih^\_rb\Zgbb]jmaZgZjuqZ]gZ]jmadZgZfZoh\bd^_fin_jZ
i_j_^Z_lky q_j_a dmeZqhd  b dhjhfukeh . >ey wlh]h \ ie_qb dhjhfukeZ
\\bgq_gu[heludhlhju_mibjZxlky\]heh\db[helh\mklZgh\e_g
guo gZ fZoh\bd_ Ih\hjZqb\Zy [helu  fh`gh hlj_]mebjh\Zlv bo lZd
qlh[u hgb h[Z dZkZebkv ]heh\hd [helh\  < wlhf kemqZ_ fZoh\bd [m^_l
gZ]jm`Zlvkyqbklufdjmlysbffhf_glhf
     Ijbkihkh[e_gb_ iha\hey_l hkms_kl\blv f]gh\_gguc k[jhk gZ]jmadb
>eywlh]hg_kgbfZy ]jmaZgm`gh ih\_jgmlv juqZ] Ijb wlhf dhjh
fukehhk\h[h`^Z_lkyhlmihjZ\dmeZqhd b^_fin_jjZa]jm`Z_lkyIjm
`bgZ\ha\jZsZ_ldhjhfukeh\bkoh^gh_iheh`_gb_
     K\h[h^gu_ dhe_[Zgby fZoh\bdZ ^_fin_jZ i_j_^Zxlky ieZklbgd_ 8
`_kldh aZdj_ie_gghc gZ fZoh\bd_  k ihfhsvx djhgrl_cgZ 19. >jm]bf
dhgphfieZklbgZmibjZ_lky\mihjumklZgh\e_ggu_gZdjhgrl_cgZo20gZ
g_ih^\b`ghcqZklb^_fin_jZGZieZklbgmk^\moklhjhggZde__gul_gah
j_abklhju21, kihfhsvxdhlhjuofh`ghaZibkZlvdhe_[ZgbygZhkpbeeh
]jZffm
      >eykgylbyi_leb]bkl_j_abkZdhjhfukeh`_kldhkh_^bgy_lky[he
lZfb gZjbkmgd_g_ihdZaZgulZddZdmklZgZ\eb\Zxlky\gmljbdmeZqdh\6)
kjuqZ]hfbfZoh\bdhf^_fin_jZWlhiha\hey_lijhba\h^blvaZdjmldm
fZoh\bdZ\^\mogZijZ\e_gbyoIjbwlhfbaf_g_gb_gZijZ\e_gbyfhf_glZ
hkms_kl\ey_lky l_f `_ ]jmahf  ijb ihfhsb ljhkZ i_j_dbgmlh]h q_j_a
[ehd GZ fZoh\bd_ ^_fin_jZ mdj_iey_lky g_[hevrhc juqZ`hd i_j_^Zx
sbcm]eh\u_i_j_f_s_gbyfZoh\bdZrlhdmbg^bdZlhjZkp_ghc^_e_gby
ff
     Hldehg_gby klj_edb bg^bdZlhjZ j_]bkljbjmxlky ijb gZ]jm`_gbb b
jZa]jm`_gbb^_fin_jZ\^\mogZijZ\e_gbyo wlhiha\hey_lhij_^_eblv\_
ebqbgm qbklh]h fhf_glZ \ Gvxlhg-f_ljZo b m]he aZdjmqb\Zgby \ jZ^bZ
gZo qlh^Z_l\hafh`ghklvihkljhblv^eyj_abgh\h]hkehyi_lex]bkl_j_
abkZ\dhhj^bgZlZoM - ϕ.
     <lZ[eijb\_^_guagZq_gbym]eh\aZdjmldbϕ\jZ^bZgZoh^gh]hba
^_fin_jh\ \ aZ\bkbfhklb hl fhf_glZ M ih ^Zgguf dhlhjuo ihkljh_gZ
i_ley]bkl_j_abkZ jbk3).
     Ih ^Zgguf wdki_jbf_glZevguo bkke_^h\Zgbc mkj_^g_gguc dhwnnb
pb_gl`_kldhklbCj_abgh\h]hkehy
54