Reading and understanding newspapers. Пыж А.М. - 20 стр.

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Note that when you are reading a newspaper, you will find that much
news in the headlines is repeated in the article. Thus you see them in a larger
context in the article and can understand their meaning more easily than in a
brief headline.
There are two types of headlines. Most news stories use sentence
headlines although they may be shortened by omitting certain words, as you will
see later. Many feature stories and some very short news stories use phrase
headlines or titles that leave out the verb. Here are some examples of both:
Sentence
headlines
Police rescue 12 divers as launch
sinks off Bali
Pen manufacturers still see good
future for luxury pens
Phrase
headlines
Getting in touch with the spirits
Heroism and cowardice at the “Top of
the World”
Reward for tracing suspect
The grammar of sentence headlines: almost all sentence headlines in the
majority of newspapers use the
present tense—despite the fact that they
generally describe past events. The present tense gives the subject a sense of
freshness and immediacy, making it more interesting to read. The news is only
news, when it is fresh, immediate, and current. There are some exceptions, of
course. Sometimes past events are reported in the past tense, as in this headline
(19hrs. after deadline, the war began). Sometimes you may come across a
future tense - as in this headline (4 large corporations will reduce emissions
that harm ozone layer) is not usually used for future events. Instead, the
present tense form “is to + verb” (“are to + verb) is used with the future
meaning (Liz Taylor, 8
th
husband [are] to be married this week).
Present tense headlines are sometimes written in the
passive voice
(Westchester Mayor is stabbed by angry voter). It is important not to confuse
the present tense passive voice in an elliptical headline -when an auxiliary verb
is omitted (passive: Mayor stabbed at midnight = Mayor is stabbed at night/
active: Mayor stabbed someone at night).

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