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47
ADDITIONAL READING
VOCABULARY STUDY
I. The italicized words in the sentences below appear in Text 1
(p. 48). Study the sentences. Then write the word class and your own
definition for the word in the space provided.
1. With accessories such as a CD player, radio and a rear
windshield wiper, the car will be considerably more expensive than
the list price.
accessory ( ) ____________________________________
2. He attributes his success to the support he received from his
wife.
attribute ( )
3. An important component of the computer is its disc drive.
component ( ) ____________________________________
4. The new features on next year's model are in conformance with
industry guidelines.
conformance ( ) ____________________________________
5. The car was not working well because its fuel injection sys-
tem was defective.
defective ( ) ____________________________________
6. Children often fantasize about the future and imagine a
life more similar to a fairy tale or a Hollywood movie.
fantasize ( ) ____________________________________
7. Divorce rates have increased greatly in recent years and
the longevity of any marriage is uncertain.
longevity ( ) ____________________________________
8. If people perceive the quality of a product to be poor, they
will not buy it.
perceive ( ) ____________________________________
9. Movies like "ET", "Indiana Jones" and "Jurassic Park" have en-
joyed phenomenal success.
phenomenal ( ) ____________________________________
10. Olympic athletes were featured in Nike's sales promo-
tion of its new line of sports shoes.
promotion ( ) ____________________________________
48
11. Airlines build a good reputation by providing good ser-
vice, on-time arrivals and safe flying.
reputation ( ) ____________________________________
12. Living in a big city may be exciting, but the trade-off is
the high cost of living and crime.
trade-off ( ) _____________________________________
Use each of the twelve words above in an original sentence
of your own.
II. Before you read the article, join with a partner to consider
the following questions. Then share your ideas with the whole class.
1. How would you answer the question asked in the title of
the article?
2. When you think of quality items, what brand names come
to your mind? Why?
3. What are some quality items that your country produces?
TEXT 1
III. Read the article and discuss the questions that follow.
What is Quality?
(1) In recent years the Japanese have demonstrated to the world
that one of the best ways to improve productivity is to improve product
quality. Adopting the philosophy and ideas of an American, W. Ed-
wards Deming, the Japanese have proven that "doing it right the first
time" improves product quality, lowers production costs and maintains
their competitive position in the market.
(2) In a famous study in 1980, a manager of Hewlett-Packard's
Data Systems Division tested 300,000 computer chips from six manu-
facturers, three from Japan and three from the U.S. The failure rate per
1000 was zero for the Japanese chips and between 11 and 19 for the
U.S. chips. After 1000 hours of use, the failure rate was two per 1000
for the Japanese chips and 27 for the U.S. chips. Is there any doubt that
attention to "quality" has helped the Japanese enter and become a major
force in the computer chip market? The Japanese have had similar suc-
ADDITIONAL READING 11. Airlines build a good reputation by providing good ser-
vice, on-time arrivals and safe flying.
VOCABULARY STUDY reputation ( ) ____________________________________
12. Living in a big city may be exciting, but the trade-off is
I. The italicized words in the sentences below appear in Text 1 the high cost of living and crime.
(p. 48). Study the sentences. Then write the word class and your own trade-off ( ) _____________________________________
definition for the word in the space provided.
Use each of the twelve words above in an original sentence
1. With accessories such as a CD player, radio and a rear of your own.
windshield wiper, the car will be considerably more expensive than
the list price. II. Before you read the article, join with a partner to consider
accessory ( ) ____________________________________ the following questions. Then share your ideas with the whole class.
2. He attributes his success to the support he received from his
wife. 1. How would you answer the question asked in the title of
attribute ( ) the article?
3. An important component of the computer is its disc drive. 2. When you think of quality items, what brand names come
component ( ) ____________________________________ to your mind? Why?
4. The new features on next year's model are in conformance with 3. What are some quality items that your country produces?
industry guidelines.
conformance ( ) ____________________________________ TEXT 1
5. The car was not working well because its fuel injection sys-
III. Read the article and discuss the questions that follow.
tem was defective.
defective ( ) ____________________________________
6. Children often fantasize about the future and imagine a What is Quality?
life more similar to a fairy tale or a Hollywood movie. (1) In recent years the Japanese have demonstrated to the world
fantasize ( ) ____________________________________ that one of the best ways to improve productivity is to improve product
7. Divorce rates have increased greatly in recent years and quality. Adopting the philosophy and ideas of an American, W. Ed-
the longevity of any marriage is uncertain. wards Deming, the Japanese have proven that "doing it right the first
longevity ( ) ____________________________________ time" improves product quality, lowers production costs and maintains
8. If people perceive the quality of a product to be poor, they their competitive position in the market.
will not buy it. (2) In a famous study in 1980, a manager of Hewlett-Packard's
perceive ( ) ____________________________________ Data Systems Division tested 300,000 computer chips from six manu-
9. Movies like "ET", "Indiana Jones" and "Jurassic Park" have en- facturers, three from Japan and three from the U.S. The failure rate per
joyed phenomenal success. 1000 was zero for the Japanese chips and between 11 and 19 for the
phenomenal ( ) ____________________________________ U.S. chips. After 1000 hours of use, the failure rate was two per 1000
10. Olympic athletes were featured in Nike's sales promo- for the Japanese chips and 27 for the U.S. chips. Is there any doubt that
tion of its new l i n e of sports shoes. attention to "quality" has helped the Japanese enter and become a major
promotion ( ) ____________________________________ force in the computer chip market? The Japanese have had similar suc-
47 48
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