Архитектурные шедевры Великобритании. Рябцева Е.В. - 10 стр.

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linen fold panelling. At the end of the room is a Chair of State designed by E.M. Barry, who also designed the or-
nate fireplace. The Chair of State stands in front of a fine needlework panel embroidered with the royal arms by
the Royal School of Needlework in 1856. The portraits of Queen Victoria and Prince Albert are by Winterhalter
and the large fresco by William Dyce depicts Sir Gawain swearing to be merciful. The fireplace installed in the
room in 1864 demonstrates the greater richness of style that he favoured. The gilded statues of St George and St
Michael were added in 1870. The Robing Room was used as the House of Lords between 1941 and 1951, when
the Commons moved into the Lords' chamber after their own chamber had been destroyed in wartime bombing.
Since then it has been used for its original purpose, as the apartment where the sovereign puts on the Imperial
State Crown and parliamentary robes.
When the Queen is ready the double doors are opened and her procession moves into the Royal Gallery.
This vast room, some 100 feet (30 m) long, is lined with two historical scenes, of the death of Nelson at Trafalgar
and the meeting of Wellington and Blucher at Waterloo. Originally The Royal gallery was to have had a lower
ceiling but in final stages of his design the architect decided to raise the roof to make the room more impressive.
Apart from the State Opening and occasional parliamentary ceremonies, the gallery is not greatly used. Plans for
other frescos were abandoned, and portraits of kings and queens since George I now cover the walls. Other
decorations include four pairs of gilded royal statues, and large Tudor roses in the ceiling panels and on the
archways; these are a favourite emblem throughout the palace. The room is occasionally used for parliamentary
ceremonies, including the reception of visiting statesmen from abroad.
From the Royal Gallery the Queen's procession passes into the Prince's Chamber. The decoration of this
room is based on a Tudor theme, and includes full-length portraits of Henry VIII and his six wives and other
leading figures of the period. The Tudor portraits were painted in oil on panels in 1854 – 1860 by students from
the Royal School of Art, but were based on the best contemporary sources. The room also contains a large neo-
classical statue of Queen Victoria by John Gibson which is dominating the Prince’s Chamber. Controversy has
always surrounded the scale of the work, and the flanking statues of Justice and Mercy were banished to storage
on Woolwich from 1955 until 1976 when a change in public taste caused them to be reinstated.
Answer the following questions.
1. In what way does the inside decoration vary?
2. Why did the architect prefer halls to staircases in the palace?
3. How is the State Opening held?
4. Why did the Norman Porch get such a name?
5. In what way is the Queen’s Robing room decorated?
6. Since when has the Queen’s Robing room been used for its original purpose?
7. How does the Royal Gallery look?
8. If you enter the Prince Chamber what can you see?
THE HOUSE OF LORDS
Words and Expressions
– a canopy – полог, навес
– brass – латунный
– a recess – ниша
– to extol – превозносить, расхваливать
– chivalry – рыцарство
– an armrest – подлокотник
– a bar – барьер
– a barrister – адвокат
The decorative scheme in the palace reaches its climax in the chamber of the House of Lords. Here the
whole Parliament – Sovereign, Lords and Commons – assembles for the State Opening.
A richly carved and gilded canopy in three compartments emphasises the importance of the Queen's throne,
and the rest of the chamber is decorated with equal richness. The throne in the House of Lords was based by
Pugin on the medieval Coronation Chair in Westminster Abbey. A second throne, a slightly smaller copy made
for Queen Alexandra in 1901, is installed when needed for Duke of Edinburgh. It contains sumptuous exam-

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