Архитектурные шедевры Великобритании. Рябцева Е.В. - 12 стр.

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deliver his message commanding the attendance of ‘this honourable House’ in the House of Lords.
The Speaker then leads MPs in procession across the Central Lobby to the Bar of the Lords’ Chamber from
where they hear the Queen read the ‘Gracious Speech’. This is banded to Her Majesty by the Lord Chancellor, and
announces the Government’s programme for the forthcoming session.
Who sits in the House of Lords
The Lords Spiritual:
• the archbishops of Canterbury and York;
• the bishops of London, Durham and Winchester, and the 21 senior diocesan bishops of the Church of Eng-
land.
The London Temporal:
• about 775 hereditary peers;
• about 400 life peers (of whom about 20 were created to carry out the judicial function of the House as
Lords of Appeal).
From this total membership of about 1 200 there is an average daily attendance of some 400. Peers are unpaid,
but receive certain expenses and allowances.
THE CENTRAL LOBBY
Words and Expressions
– a hub – центр
– a lobby – приемная
– an axis – ось
– vaulted – сводчатый
– a benefaction – пожертвование
– gloomy – мрачный
– a chandelier – люстра
– a tile – плитка
The hub of the building is the Central Lobby, a busy meeting place where people come to lobby their MPs.
It is sited along the central axis between the Commons' and Lords' chambers, and on the Commons' side is a
desk manned by police and attendants from where constituents can send in a 'green card' to contact their repre-
sentatives.
Archways lead off to the two chambers and to their galleries, as well as the Lower Waiting Hall where a
marble bust of Oliver Cromwell is prominently on display. Beyond the hall, along the river front, are the librar-
ies and dining rooms
available to MPs and to the right an elegant gothic staircase leads to the committee
rooms. Before the start of each day's sitting of the Commons the Speaker processes through this hall and
the Central Lobby to the cry of 'Hats off, strangers!' from the police.
The vast octagon of the Central Lobby has a
vaulted
stone roof which was decorated with mosaics in
1868 – 1869 by E.M. Barry. Designs in the fine mosaic ceiling of the Central Lobby include the English
Tudor rose, the Scottish thistle, the Irish shamrock, the Welsh harp, the French fleur-de-lis and the port-
cullis, now familiar in its crowned form as the emblem of Parliament. The portcullis was a royal symbol
of the Tudors, adopted by Charles Barry as his identifying mark for the palace competition and is used ex-
tensively in the decoration of the building. Over the four archways are panels depicting the patron saints, a
series which was begun in 1870 with St George for England, continued in 1898 with St David for Wales.
The mosaic picture of St David was the second such picture to be installed in the Central Lobby. Like the
picture of St George, its design was by Sir George Poynter and its execution by the Venice firm of Sal-
viati. After a long pause
benefactions
enabled the panels of St Andrew for Scotland and St Patrick for Ire-
land to be installed in 1922 – 1924. The mosaic decoration was intended to make the Central Lobby less
gloomy
, and E.M. Barry claimed that his additions had achieved a 'general cheerfulness and lightness'
which is undoubtedly increased by the great
chandelier
dating from 1854 made to Pugin's design. Pugin
also designed the encaustic
tiles
in the floor which were made by Minton, and which include a Latin text
from Psalm 127 which reads 'Except the Lord build the house, they labour in vain that build it'.
Many his-
torical scenes cover the corridor walls in this part of the palace. A scheme to decorate the walls throughout the

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