Архитектурные шедевры Великобритании. Рябцева Е.В. - 19 стр.

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screen. Within recent years the screen has been painted and gilded. The two monuments – to Sir Isaac Newton and
Lord Stanhope are by Rysbrack.
Answer the following questions.
1. What defined the design of the Nave?
2. What is pointed on the window at the west end of the Nave?
3. Whose grave is at the west end of the Nave?
4. Why was the grave to the Unknown Warrior made in the Nave?
5. What produces light in the Nave?
6. What kind of screen separates the Choir from the Nave?
THE CHOIR, THE SANCTUARY AND THE NORTH TRANSEPT
Words and Expressions
– to worship – совершать богослужения
– a reredos – украшенная орнаментом перегородка с внутренней стороны алтаря
– to bequeath – завещать
– a pavement – подход к алтарю
– a rose window – окно в виде розы
– a porch – галерея
The Choir was originally the part of the Abbey in which the monks worshipped, but there is now no trace
of the pre-Reformation fittings, for in the late eighteenth century Keene, the then Surveyor, removed the thir-
teenth-century stalls and designed a smaller Choir. This was in turn destroyed in the mid-nineteenth century by
Edward Blore, who created the present Choir in Victorian Gothic style and removed the partitions which until
then had blocked off the transepts.
It is here that the choir, of about twenty-two boys and twelve Lay Vicars (the name given to the men of the
choir), sings the daily services. The boys are educated at the Choir School attached to the Abbey; mention of
such a school is made in the fifteenth century and it may be even older in origin. For some centuries it was
linked with Westminster School, but became independent in the mid-nineteenth century.
The Organ, with cases designed by Pearson and placed above the Choir screen, was originally built by
Shrider in 1730. Successive rebuildings in 1849, 1884, 1909 and 1937 (the last by Harrison and Harrison) and
extensive work in 1983 have resulted in the present instrument. Orlando Gibbons and Henry Purcell are two of
the great musicians who have been Organists at Westminster Abbey.
The Sanctuary is the heart of the Abbey, where the High Altar stands. The altar and the reredos behind it, with a
mosaic of the Last Supper, were designed by Sir Gil-bert Scott in 1867. Standing on the altar are two candlesticks,
bought with money bequeathed by a serving-maid, Sarah Hughes, in the seventeenth century. In front of the altar,
but protected by carpeting, is another of the Abbey's treasures – a now-very-worn pavement dating from the thir-
teenth century. The method of its decoration is known as Cosmati work, after the Italian family who developed the
technique of inlaying intricate designs made up of small pieces of coloured marble into a plain marble ground.
The North Transept, to the left of the Sanctuary, has a beautiful rose window designed by Sir James Thorn-
hill, showing eleven Apostles (Judas Iscariot being omitted). The transept once led to Solomon's Porch and
now leads to the nineteenth-century North Front.
Answer the following questions.
1. How was the present Choir designed?
2. Who sings the daily services?
3. What is the choir accompanied by?
4. How is the Sanctuary decorated?
5. What is the treasure of the Abbey in the Sanctuary?
6. What is painted on the window in the North Transept?
THE HENRY VII CHAPEL
Words and Expressions

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