Архитектурные шедевры Великобритании. Рябцева Е.В. - 21 стр.

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5. What is in the centre of the apse?
6. Whose tomb is in the south aisle?
7. What was Margaret Beaufort famous for?
THE OTHER CHAPELS OF THE ABBEY
Words and Expressions
– a squadron – эскадрилья
– a sanctuary – святилище
– via – через
– a feretory – рака, гробница, усыпальница, склеп
– a coffin – гроб
– a chantry chapel – часовня, церковный придел (построенные на пожертвования)
The Royal Air Force Chapel can be found at the eastern end of the apse. This was dedicated in 1947 to
those members of the fighter squadrons who were killed in the Battle of Britain in 1940. It is lit by a beautiful
stained-glass window designed by Hugh Easton.
The Chapel of St Edward the Confessor, containing his shrine, lies east of the sanctuary at the heart of the
abbey. It is closed off from the west by a stone screen, probably of fifteenth-century date, carved with scenes
from the life of Edward the Confessor; it is approached from the east via a bridge from the Henry VII Chapel.
The shrine seen today within the chapel is only a ghost of its former self. It originally had three parts: a stone
base decorated with Cosmati work, a gold feretory containing the saint's coffin, and a canopy above which
could be raised to reveal the feretory or lowered to protect it. Votive offerings of gold and jewels were given to
enrich the feretory over the centuries. To this shrine came many pilgrims, and the sick were frequently left be-
side it overnight in the hope of a cure. All this ceased at the Reformation. The shrine was dismantled and stored
by the monks; the gold feretory was taken away from them, but they were allowed to rebury the saint elsewhere
in the abbey.
It was during the reign of Mary I that a partial restoration of the shrine took place. The stone base was reas-
sembled – in rather an unskilled way, little care being taken to match up the carvings and designs which deco-
rated it. The coffin was placed, in the absence of a feretory, in the top part of the stone base and the canopy po-
sitioned on top. The repositioning of the shrine was also incorrect. The chapel has a Cosmati floor, similar to
that before the High Altar (and equally worn, therefore kept covered), and a blank space in the design shows
where the shrine once stood; it also indicates that the shrine was originally raised up on a platform, making the
canopy visible beyond the western screen. The canopy of the shrine has recently been restored, and hopefully
one day the rest of the shrine will also be restored.
Also within the chapel can be seen the Coronation Chair and the tombs of five kings and four queens. At
the eastern end is the tomb and Chantry Chapel of Henry V, embellished with carvings including scenes of
Henry V's coronation. The effigy of the king once had a silver head and silver regalia, and was covered in silver
gilt, but this precious metal was all stolen in 1546.
Eleanor of Castile, first wife of Edward I, lies beside the Chantry Chapel. Her body was carried to West-
minster from Lincoln, a mem–orial cross being erected at each place where the funeral procession rested.
Beside her lies Henry III, responsible for the rebuilding of the abbey, in a tomb of Purbeck marble. Next to
his tomb is that of Edward I. Richard II and Anne of Bohemia, Edward III and Philippa of Hainault, and Cath-
erine de Valois, Henry V's Queen, also lie in this chapel.
Answer the following questions.
1. Whom is the Royal Air Force Chapel dedicated to?
2. In what way is the shrine of St Edward closed off from the western part?
3. What form did the shrine originally have?
4. How was the shrine restored in the reign of Mary I?
5. Is it possible to find the old placement of the shrine?
6. What else can be seen in the chapel?

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