Архитектурные шедевры Великобритании. Рябцева Е.В. - 22 стр.

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THE SOUTH AMBULATORY AND THE SOUTH TRANSEPT
Words and Expressions
– to martyr – предать мученической смерти
– a wound – рана
– a dorter – монастырский дортуар (общая спальня)
The South Ambulatory leads round the apse from St Edward's Chapel to the South Transept. Two chapels
open off it: the Chapel of St Nicholas, Patron Saint of children, is divided from the ambulatory by a medieval
stone screen. A finger of the saint was one of the Abbey's pre-Reformation relics – presented by Eleanor of
Castile. Within the chapel are the Percy vault and many Elizabethan monuments. To the west of St Nicholas's
Chapel is St Edmund's Chapel; St Edmund, King of the East Anglians, was martyred in 870. Also to be seen in
the South Ambulatory is the south side of Edward VI's tomb, with statues of six of the king's children, and, by
the entrance gates, the supposed tomb of Sebert, King of the East Saxons and legendary founder of the first ab-
bey on this site, who died in 616.
The South Transept is lit by a large rose window, with glass dating from 1902. Beneath it, in the angles
above the right and left arches, are two of the finest carvings in the Abbey, depicting censing angels. In addition
to the many monuments there are two fine late thirteenth-century wall-paintings, uncovered in 1936, to be seen
by the door leading into St Faith's Chapel. They depict Christ showing his wounds to Doubting Thomas, and St
Christopher. Beside the south wall rises the dorter staircase, once used by the monks going from their dormi-
tory to the Choir for their night offices.
Answer the following questions.
1. What is the South Ambulatory?
2. How is the South Transept decorated?
POET’S CORNER
Words and Expressions
– a wreath – венок
– a dean – настоятель собора
– an archdeacon – архидиакон
– a prebendary – пребендарий
– a canon – каноник
One of the most well-known parts of Westminster Abbey, Poet’s Corner can be found in the South Tran-
sept. It was not originally designated as the burial place of writers, playwrights ant poets; the first poet to be
buried here, Geofrey Chaucer, was laid to rest in Westminster Abbey because he had been Clerk of Works to
the Palace of Westminster, not because he had written ‘Canterbury Tales’. However, the inscription over his
grave, placed there by William Caxton – the famous printer whose press was just beyond the transept wall –
mentioned that he was a poet.
Over 150 years, during the flowering of English literature in the sixteenth century, a more magnificent
tomb was erected to Chaucer by Nicholas Brigham and in 1599 Edmund Spenser was laid to rest nearby. These
two tombs began a tradition which developed over succeeding centuries.
Burial or commemoration in the Abbey did not always occur at or soon after the time of death – many of
those whose monuments now stand here had to wait a number of years for recognition; Byron, for example,
whose lifestyle caused a scandal although his poetry was much admired, died in 1824 but was finally given a
memorial only in 1969. Even Shakespeare, buried at Stratford-on-Avon in 1616, had to wait until 1740 before a
monument, designed by William Kent, appeared in Poet’s Corner. Other poets and writers, well-known in their
own day, have now vanished into obscurity, with only their monuments to show that they were once famous.
Conversely, many whose writings are still appreciated today have never been memorialised in Poet’s Cor-
ner, although the reason may not always be clear. Therefore a resting place or memorial in Poets' Corner should
perhaps not be seen as a final statement of a writer or poet's literary worth, but more as a reflection of their pub-
lic standing at the time of death – or as an indication of the fickleness of Fate.

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