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Text 7. Headgear
Headgear, headwear or headdress is the name given to any element of clothing
which is worn on one's head. Common forms of headgear include hats, caps, bonnets,
hoods, headscarves and helmets. Headgear can have great symbolic significance: in a
monarchy, for example, royalty often have special crowns. Hair accessories and
replacements, such as wigs, may also be included in the category of headgear.
Headgear can serve a variety of purposes:
• protection (against impact, cold, rain and other precipitation, heat, glare, sun burn,
dust, infection, chemicals, noise, insects, etc)
• to keep hair contained or tidy
• decoration or fashion
• religious purposes
• modesty; social convention
• hiding baldness
• distinction; a badge of office
Types of headgear:
Hats
Hats often have a brim all the way around the rim, and may be either placed on the
head, or secured with hat-pins (which are pushed through the hat and the hair). Depending
on the type of hat, they may be worn only by men, women or by either sex.
Caps
Caps are generally soft, and often have no brim, or just a peak (like on a baseball cap).
For many centuries women wore a variety of head-coverings which were called caps. In the
18th and 19th centuries for example a cap was a kind of head covering made of a flimsy
fabric such as muslin; they were worn indoors or under bonnets by married women, or older
unmarried women who were "on the shelf" (e.g. mob-cap).
Bonnets
Bonnets, as worn by women, were generally brimless hats worn outdoors which were
secured by tying under the chin, and which covered no part of the forehead. Some styles of
bonnets had a large peak which effectively prevented women from looking right or left
without turning their heads. Bonnets worn by men and boys are generally distinguished
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