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51
Text 3. Immediate care in case of myocardial infarction
As myocardial infarction is a common medical emergency, the signs are often part of
first aid courses. General management in the acute setting is:
• calling for help as soon as poss ible
• giving aspirin (300-500 mg), which inhibits formation of further blood clots
• being prepared to administer cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) in case of
arrhythmia or cardiac arrest
Since the publication of data that availability of automated external defibrillators
(AEDs) in public places may significantly increase chances of survival, many of these have
been ins talled in public buildings , public transport facilities and in non-ambulance
emergency vehicles (e.g. police cars and fire engines). AEDs analyze the rhythm and
determine whether the arrhythmia is amenable to defibrillation ("shockable").
Emergency services may recommend the patient to take nitroglycerin tablets or patches,
in case these are available, particularly if they had prior heart attacks or angina.
In an ambulance, an intravenous line is established, and the patient is transported
immediately if breathing and pulse are present. Oxygen first aid is provided and the patient
is calmed. Close cardiac monitoring (with an electrocardiogram) is initiated if available.
If the patient has lost breathing or circulation advanced cardiac life support (including
defibrillation) may be necessary and (at the paramedic level) injection of medications may
be given per protocol. CPR is performed if there is no satisfactory cardiac output.
About 20% of patients die before they reach the hospital; the cause of death is often
ventricular fibrillation.
Text 4. Traditional Chinese medicine
Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) also known simply as Chinese medicine
(Chinese: or , zhōngyаo xŭe) or traditional Oriental medicine, is the name
commonly given to a range of traditional medical practices originating in China thousands
of years ago. Primary medical theoretical foundation of TCM includes that of Five Elements
and Yin-yang. Treatments are done with reference to this philosophical framework.
TCM is bas ed on the philosophical concept that if balance is res tored, the person heals .
TCM seeks to balance yin and yang, Qi, Blood, Jing, Body fluids, the Five Elements, the
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