Тематический сборник текстов для чтения (английский язык). Соснина Е.П - 59 стр.

UptoLike

Составители:

Рубрика:

functioning in a cumulative manner. The body can be affected at the micro or macro levels

by nutrition, for example cancer can arise through cell metabolism malfunction, and high

energy levels can promote health through frequent activity.

Text 3. Lifestyle and nutritional nee ds

Adequate nutrition contributes to three outcomes which are necessary for the

organism’s normal functioning.

These are:

• Adequate energy levels

• Maintaining proper body structures and processes, e.g. muscle function, immune

protection, bone density and strength

• Repair and development of all of the organism’s systems.

In the case of humans, ‘normal functioning’ is affected by a range of situations, which

are often open to choice. A weightlifter, labourer, Inuit fisherman, Sumo wrestler, clerical

worker, infant and bed-bound person will all have different definitions of ‘normal

functioning’, they all have different body shapes and sizes, and their nutritional needs will

vary also.

Consequently, suitable nutrition varies according to each individual’s situation, and to

some extent on the choice of lifestyle. Athletes may need high levels of protein and energy

to enable high performance and repair for the high stresses on their body. People working

hard in a cold environment may need high fat levels in their diets, to help maintain normal

body temperature. This beneficial high fat level may be very harmful for people in other

situations, eg a sedentary worker in an air-conditioned office.

So the aim of good nutrition in terms of body maintenance, repair and functioning will

be often relative to the choices and circumstances of the individual.

Thus although nutrition and food types vary widely according to lifestyles and

situations, nevertheless within each different set of requirements the principles of good

nutrition can s till be applied.