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and the followers of Syavoush, a legendary Persian prince from the earliest centuries of the
Empire. The poet is eloquent in his praise of Siyвvas h's s kills on the polo field. Ferdows i
also tells of Emperor Sвpour-II of Sasanian dynasty of the 4th Century AD, who learn to
play polo when he was only seven years old.
Polo has became popular among other nations such as Chinese, as was the royal
pastime for many centuries. Chinese most probably having learned the game from the
Iranians nobilities who seek refuge in Chines e courts after the invas ion of Iranian Empire by
the Arabs, or possibly by same Indian tribes who were taught by the Iranians. The polo stick
appears on Chinese royal coats of arms and the game was part of the court life in the golden
age of Chinese classical culture under Ming-Hung, the Radiant Emperor, who as an
enthus iastic patron of equestrian activities .
For more than 20 centuries polo remained a favourite of the rulers of Asia, who played
the game or were its patrons . Their Queens played, as did the nobility and the mounted
warriors.
Polo for non-Iranians was the nearest equivalent to a national sport in those times, fro m
Japan to Egypt, from India to Byzantium. As the great Eastern Empires collapsed, however,
so disappeared the glittering court life of which polo has been so important a part, and the
game its elf was pres erved only in remote villages
Polo came to the west via Manipur, a North Eastern state in India. The Guinness Book
of Records in its 1991 edition (page 288) traces the origins of the game to Manipur c. 3100
B.C. where it was known as Sagol Kangjei. According to historical accounts, one British
government official stationed in Manipur (then a princely state) during the late 19th century,
wrote an account of the sport and its popularity spread.
As further proof, it is recorded during the House of Lords debate on Jubraj Tikendrajit's
trial on 22nd June 1891, the Marques of Ripon said about Manipur "it is a s mall State
(Manipur), probably until these events took place very little known to your Lordships,
unless, indeed, some of you may have heard of it as the birth place of the Game of Polo,"
The 10th Hussars at Aldershot, Hants, introduced the game to England from India in
1869. The game's governing body is the Hurligham Polo Association, which drew up the
firs t s et of rules in 1874, many of which are s till in e xis tence.
The sport became popular amongst European nobility but during the early part of 20th
century, under the leadership of Harry Payne Whitney, polo changed to become a high-
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