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For trains connecting cities, we can distinguish inter-city trains, which do not halt at
s mall s tations , and trains that s erve all s tations , us ually known as local trains or "stoppers"
(and sometimes an intermediate kind, see also limited-stop).
Interior of a passenger car in a long-distance train in Finland
For shorter distances many cities have networks of commuter trains, serving the city
and its suburbs. Some carriages may be laid out to have more standing room than seats, or
to facilitate the carrying of prams , cycles or wheelchairs . Some countries have s ome double-
decked passenger trains for use in conurbations. Double deck high speed and sleeper trains
are becoming more common in Europe.
Passenger trains usually have emergency brake handles (or a "communication cord")
that the public can operate. Abuse is punished by a fine.
Large cities often have a metro system, also called underground, subway or tube. The
trains are electrically powered, usually by third rail, and their railroads are separate from
other traffic, without level crossings. Usually they run in tunnels in the center and
sometimes on elevated structures in the outer parts of the city. They can accelerate and
decelerate faster than heavier, long-distance trains.
A light one- or two-car rail vehicle running through the streets is not called a train but
a tram or streetcar, but the distinction is not strict.
The term light rail is sometimes used for a modern tram, but it may also mean an
intermediate form between a tram and a train, similar to metro except that it may have level
crossings. These are often protected with crossing gates. They may also be called a trolley.
Maglev trains and monorails represent minor technologies in the train field.
The term rapid transit is used for public transport such as commuter trains, metro and
light-rail.
Freight Trains: Much of the world's freight is transported by train. In the USA the rail
system is used mostly for transporting freight.
Under the right circumstances, transporting freight by train is highly economic, and
also more energy efficient than transporting freight by road.
Rail freight is most economic, when freight is being carried in bulk and over long
dis tances . But is less suited to short dis tances and small loads .
The ma in dis advantage of rail freight is its lack of fle xib illity, for this reason, rail has
lost much of the freight business to road competition. Many governments are now trying to
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