Лекции по теоретической грамматике английского языка. Тивьяева И.В. - 54 стр.

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The continuous and perfect continuous passive can only be used

occasionally, with a strong stylistic colouring. It is the indefinite infinitive that

constitues the head-form of the verbal paradigm.

The verbal features of the infinitive.

Like the finite form of verb, the

infinitive distinguishes the categories of aspect, voice, and temporal correlation.

The paradigm of the infinitive is determined by the semantico-syntactic

properties of the process. If the process is intransitive, we cannot derive voice

forms

e.g. to walk – to be walking vs. *to be being walked

to have walked – to have been walking vs. *to have been being walked

The nounal features of the infinitive.

Semantically and morphologically, the

infinitive is much more similar to the verb than to the noun: its verbal features

outweigh its nounal features. Similar to the noun, the infinitive can be used as the

subject or part of the subject, the predicative, and the attribute.

The Gerund

The gerund is originally a verbal noun in –ing. Similar to the infinitive, the

gerund is the name of a process, but its substantive meaning is more strongly

pronounced than that of the infinitive: unlike the infinitive, the gerund can be

modified by a noun in the genitive case or by the possessive pronoun and used

with prepositions.

The general combinability of the gerund, like that of the infinitive, is dual,

sharing some features with the verb, and some features with the noun.

The verbal features of the gerund.

Like the verb, the gerund distinguishes the

categories of voice and temporal correlation:

writing (non-passive, non-perfect) – being written (passive, non-perfect)

having written (non-passive, perfect) – having been written (passive,

perfect)

It is obvious that gerunds derived from intransitive verbs have only two

forms: non-perfect active and perfect active, e.g. walking vs. having walked.