ВУЗ:
Составители:
Рубрика:
100
from three to ten times-per hour. Sometimes a fan is placed in the attic to blow
the warm air out and to cause the cooler night air to flow in through open win-
dows. When this is done, air in the house can be expected to be changed completely
every two or three minute. When air is brought into a house from outside, heated
in a furnace and distributed through all the rooms, it ought to be cleaned by
passing it through "filters" before it enters the furnace. These filters must be
capable of straining out from the air all dust, soot, pollen and other impurities.
Filters should be so installed that they can be easily replaced. Cleaning the air this
way prevents the dirt from entering the house and soiling the walls and furniture.
In summer, or in hot climates, cooling of the air in a residence is desirable and is
often done, special refrigerating equipment being installed to do the job. The air in
the rooms should be maintained at a temperature not more than about fifteen degrees
lower than the thermometer readings outside at all times, in order to prevent
discomfort from too sudden a change for persons going into or leaving the house.
This cooling must for comfort be accompanied by movement of the air and regula-
tion of the humidity, so that a clammy feeling will-not be experienced.
Plumbing
For many centuries plumbing was unknown, except in the places and
houses of the great wealthy. Amid the rums of some cities of ancient Roman times
evidences have been found of the use of piping systems to a very limited extent in
private houses and to a much greater extent in connection with public bath houses.
Step by step during a long period of years modern plumbing has been evolved.
Water is brought into house from the street mains (water pipes), through pipes. The
branch pipes supplying water to a bathroom and lavatory will be 1/4 inch for both
cold and hot water. A branch which supplies a kitchen sink and laundry tub will be
3/4 inch for either cold or hot water. Water-supply pipes inside houses are made
of galvanized iron, wrought iron and of brass.
Drainage pipes outside of the house itself, that is, between the house the
sewer in the street, are called the house sewer. They are usually of glazed vitrified
tile, but if the ground on which the sewer is laid is not absolutely firm and solid,
cast-iron pipe should be used, as it is much stronger than tile, which is liable to
be broken by any settlement. Drainage pipes inside the house in the basement or
underneath the basement floor are called the house drain. Drainage pipes should
be of cast iron.
Страницы
- « первая
- ‹ предыдущая
- …
- 98
- 99
- 100
- 101
- 102
- …
- следующая ›
- последняя »
