Английский язык. Юлаева С.С. - 59 стр.

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Part III
Unit I
English in International Documents
I. Read and translate the following text.
Treaties and other International Compacts
In international law and diplomatic practice the term "treaty" is, used in
two senses. In a generic sense, it refers to all agreements between states which
are of a binding character.
Instruments setting out agreements between states bear different titles, such
as Treaty, Agreement, Convention, Protocol, Act, Declaration, Statute,
Regulations, Provisions, Pact, Covenant (Compromis, Accord, Arrangements.
Modus Vivendi, Exchange of Notes and Concordat).
Some of the agreements are highly formal in character whilst others are
not. The titles given to international agreements have little significance from the
legal point of view as all international agreements, by whatever name called, are
equally binding in nature.
In diplomatic literature, the terms "treaty”, “convention", and "protocol"
are all applied more or less indiscriminately to international agreements.
Sometimes the same instrument is designated in different places in its text by
different terms. There is no obvious explanation for this diversity of
terminology.
International law prescribes neither the form nor the procedure for the
making of international engagements, and consequently their form depends upon
the will and convenience of the parties. In practice it is governed also by usage
and varies depending on whether agreement is reached between states, heads of
state, governments (increasingly used), or particular ministers or departments.
II
It is not every international instrument, however formal it may be, that
would be regarded as a treaty. Unless the instrument creates contractual
obligations between two or more states, the essential requirements of a treaty are
not fulfilled. The binding nature of treaty obligations is the oldest and doubtless
the most fundamental rule of international law.
The next most solemn type of international engagement is the "convention",
derived from the Latin word conventio meaning "agreement". This term is
frequently, though not necessarily, employed in connection with agreements to
which a large number of countries are parties, and especially to agreements of the
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