Английский для бакалавров. Валиулина Т.Н - 68 стр.

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68
students who live at home. They are obliged to come to the university twice or
three times a week to have meals together with other students (the spirit of a
collective). In each college there live students of different faculties, and in each
college they are given lectures on humanitarian subjects. The attendance is not
compulsory. The lectures are delivered by the lecturers who live in the college
too. Independent work of students is supervised by tutors who live in the
college, and deliver lectures on their subjects. If a student has money he may
choose a tutor to his taste. These two universities still enjoy a great popularity,
because they have the best teaching staff and better prepared students. To enter
these universities is more difficult, that is why they have better chances to
choose better prepared students. The composition of the student body here is
peculiar. More than 2 / 3 are from upper-middle classes. Most state posts in the
country are occupied by Oxford and Cambridge graduates. Oxford and
Cambridge have always concentrated on humanities to train leaders, but recently
they have opened some departments of science and technology.
Provincial universities have no elements of federation. All the students
and the teaching staff are concentrated in one place. Their students live either at
home or in hostels or rented rooms. These universities are more democratic than
other universities. Universities are financed through a special government
committee. The money comes from different sources:
1) state subsidies (about 70%),
2) from the students who pay for education (about 12%),
3) subsidies from local authorities (3 - 4%),
4) private investments and the university’s own means.
The tuition fee in Britain is very high, higher than in other countries (300
pounds a term). It differs from university to university. In London -
£600 per
term. It is higher in Oxford and Cambridge than in the provinces. The tuition,
lodging and food in London University is about 1000 pounds; in Oxford and
Cambridge for the same 1000; in provincial universities 700 / 800 pounds. As
the students from working class families can’t afford to pay so much, 73% of all
the students get scholarships. The total sum of it is 550 - 650 pounds per term.
All those who have finished Grammar school at an advanced level can
enter a university. To enter it the school leavers don’t have to take entrance
exams except at Oxford and Cambridge and some colleges of London
University.
At the university students attend lectures given by lecturers and
professors. As soon as a student is enrolled in university or college he is given
independent work which is checked by the tutor. The tutorial system is
characteristic of the students' studies in English universities.
Every student is attached to a tutor who controls his independent work,
supervises his discipline and prepares him for exams. Each tutor has 3-4
students, sometimes 10. Once or twice a week a student writes a kind of a
composition. It is an account of student’s independent work for the week. The

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