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2. Before a noun use sick, not ill in the meaning «not in good
health»
e.g. He is a sick man — Îí áîëåí.
II. sore/bad — áîëüíîé
When speaking about separate parts of the human body, use
the adjectives sore or bad for the Russian «áîëüíîé».
Sore indicates a temporary state:
e.g. I’ve got a sore throat. The broken skin round my knee is
still sore (=sensitive; quick to feel pain)
Bad indicates a more or less chronic disability:
e.g. The boy couldn’t go in for sport because of his bad heart.
III. to ache/to hurt — áîëåòü
1. To ache is used to speak of a «continuous, dull pain».
e.g. My head aches.
My tooth is aching again. I have to go and see the dentist.
I’m aching all over — Ó ìåíÿ âñå áîëèò
2. To hurt is used to speak about pain caused by contact with
a sore spot, either internal or external
e.g. It hurts me to cough/walk, etc.
My head hurts (possibly from injury).
My eyes hurt when I look at a bright light. (But: My eyes ache
all the time; I probably need stronger glasses)
IV. to hurt/to injure/to wound.
1. The verb to hurt has the meaning «to cause physical pain
and/or damage to (esp. a part of the body)»:
e.g. I banged my arm against the door and hurt myself. My
arm hurts.
2. The verb to injure means «to cause physical harm to smb.
esp. in an accident, to hurt seriously»:
e.g. The train left the rails, but fortunately no one was injured.
3. One can be wounded from any attack in which a gun or
sharp instrument such as a sword or knife is used.
e.g. The battle didn’t last long, but a lot of men were wounded.
4. The verbs to hurt and to injure may be used to speak about
«emotional damage; mental pain, caused by smb’s unkindness»:
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