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ɩɪɟɞɫɬɚɜɥɹɟɬ ɫɨɛɨɣ ɤɨɦɩɥɟɤɫɧɨɟ ɫɨɟɞɢɧɟɧɢɟ, ɫɨɞɟɪɠɚɳɢɟ ɜɨ ɜɧɭɬɪɟɧɧɟɣ
ɫɮɟɪɟ ɜ ɤɚɱɟɫɬɜɟ ɥɢɝɚɧɞɨɜ ɚɧɢɨɧɵ ɦɨɥɢɛɞɟɧɨɜɨɣ ɤɢɫɥɨɬɵ (ɇ
2
Ɇɨ
3
Ɉ
10
)
.
ȼɡɚɢɦɨɞɟɣɫɬɜɢɟ ɮɨɫɮɚɬ-ɢɨɧɨɜ ɫ ɦɨɥɢɛɞɟɧɨɜɨɤɢɫɥɵɦ ɚɦɦɨɧɢɟɦ ɩɪɢɜɨɞɢɬ
ɤ ɡɚɦɟɳɟɧɢɸ ɚɬɨɦɨɜ ɤɢɫɥɨɪɨɞɚ ɜ ɫɨɫɬɚɜɟ ɚɧɢɨɧɚ ɨɪɬɨɮɨɫɮɨɪɧɨɣ ɤɢɫɥɨɬɵ
ɧɚ ɚɧɢɨɧɵ Ɇɨ
3
Ɉ
10
2-
,
ɇ
3
ɊɈ
4
+12(NH
4
)
2
MoO
4
+12H
2
SO
4
ĺH
3
PMo
12
O
40
+12(NH
4
)
2
SO
4
+12H
2
O.
ȼ ɜɢɞɢɦɨɣ ɨɛɥɚɫɬɢ ɫɩɟɤɬɪɚ ɢɧɬɟɧɫɢɜɧɨɫɬɶ ɨɤɪɚɫɤɢ ɠɟɥɬɨɣ
ɮɨɫɮɨɪɧɨɦɨɥɢɛɞɟɧɨɜɨɣ ɝɟɬɟɪɨɩɨɥɢɤɢɫɥɨɬɵ ɫɥɚɛɚɹ, ɩɨɷɬɨɦɭ ɞɥɹ
ɨɩɪɟɞɟɥɟɧɢɹ ɮɨɫɮɨɪɚ ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɭɸɬ ɟɟ ɜɨɫɫɬɚɧɨɜɥɟɧɧɭɸ ɮɨɪɦɭ,
ɨɤɪɚɲɟɧɧɭɸ ɜ ɫɢɧɢɣ ɰɜɟɬ.
ɉɪɢ ɜɜɟɞɟɧɢɟ ɜ ɪɚɫɬɜɨɪ ɜɨɫɫɬɚɧɨɜɢɬɟɥɹ (SnCI
2
) Mo(VI) ɜɯɨɞɹɳɢɣ ɜ
ɫɨɫɬɚɜ ɮɨɫɮɨɪɧɨɦɨɥɢɛɞɟɧɨɜɨɣ ɝɟɬɟɪɨɩɨɥɢɤɢɫɥɨɬɵ ɩɟɪɟɯɨɞɢɬ ɜ Ɇɨ(V) ɢ
ɨɛɪɚɡɭɟɬɫɹ «ɮɨɫɮɨɪɧɨ-ɦɨɥɢɛɞɟɧɨɜɚɹ ɫɢɧɶ».
ȼɵɩɨɥɧɟɧɢɟ ɨɩɪɟɞɟɥɟɧɢɹ. Ⱥɥɢɤɜɨɬɭ (5–10 ɦɥ) ɮɢɥɶɬɪɚɬɚ ɩɨɫɥɟ
ɨɬɞɟɥɟɧɢɹ Si ɩɨɦɟɳɚɸɬ ɜ ɬɟɪɦɨɫɬɨɣɤɢɣ ɫɬɚɤɚɧ ɜɦɟɫɬɢɦɨɫɬɶɸ 100 ɦɥ.
ɇɚɝɪɟɜɚɸɬ ɞɨ ɤɢɩɟɧɢɹ, ɫɧɢɦɚɸɬ ɫ ɩɥɢɬɤɢ, ɩɪɢɤɪɵɜɚɸɬ ɫɬɟɤɥɨɦ ɢ
ɩɪɢɛɚɜɥɹɸɬ ɩɨ ɤɪɭɩɢɧɤɚɦ ɩɨɪɨɲɨɤ ɚɥɸɦɢɧɢɹ ɞɨ ɨɛɟɫɰɜɟɱɢɜɚɧɢɹ
ɪɚɫɬɜɨɪɚ, ɬ.ɟ. ɞɨ ɩɨɥɧɨɝɨ ɜɨɫɫɬɚɧɨɜɥɟɧɢɹ Fe (III) ɞɨ Fe(II). ɋɬɚɤɚɧ
ɨɯɥɚɠɞɚɸɬ, ɨɛɦɵɜɚɸɬ ɧɚɞ ɧɢɦ ɫɬɟɤɥɨ ɢ ɩɟɪɟɧɨɫɹɬ ɫɨɞɟɪɠɢɦɨɟ ɫɬɚɤɚɧɚ
ɱɟɪɟɡ ɦɚɥɟɧɶɤɢɣ ɩɥɨɬɧɵɣ ɮɢɥɶɬɪ ɜ ɦɟɪɧɭɸ ɤɨɥɛɭ ɜɦɟɫɬɢɦɨɫɬɶɸ 100 ɦɥ.
ɇɟɫɤɨɥɶɤɨ ɪɚɡ ɩɪɨɦɵɜɚɸɬ ɫɬɚɤɚɧ ɢ ɮɢɥɶɬɪ ɞɢɫɬɢɥɥɢɪɨɜɚɧɧɨɣ ɜɨɞɨɣ.
Ʉ ɪɚɫɬɜɨɪɭ ɜ ɤɨɥɛɭ ɩɪɢɥɢɜɚɸɬ 2–3 ɤɚɩɥɢ ɢɧɞɢɤɚɬɨɪɚ Į- ɢɥɢ
ȕ- ɞɢɧɢɬɪɨɮɟɧɨɥɚ ɢ 10% ɪɚɫɬɜɨɪ ɚɦɦɢɚɤɚ ɞɨ ɩɨɹɜɥɟɧɢɹ ɠɟɥɬɨɣ ɨɤɪɚɫɤɢ
(ɪɇ 4,4 ɢɥɢ 4,0 ɫɨɨɬɜɟɬɫɬɜɟɧɧɨ), ɤɨɬɨɪɭɸ ɫɧɢɦɚɸɬ 1-2 ɤɚɩɥɹɦɢ 10%
ɪɚɫɬɜɨɪɚ H
2
SO
4
, ɪɚɡɛɚɜɥɹɸɬ ɞɢɫɬɢɥɥɢɪɨɜɚɧɧɨɣ ɜɨɞɨɣ ɞɨ 2/3 ɨɛɴɟɦɚ ɤɨɥɛɵ,
ɞɨɛɚɜɥɹɸɬ 4 ɦɥ 2,5% ɪɚɫɬɜɨɪɚ ɦɨɥɢɛɞɚɬɚ ɚɦɦɨɧɢɹ (NH
4
)
6
Mo
7
O
24
×4H
2
O,
ɩɪɢɝɨɬɨɜɥɟɧɧɨɝɨ ɧɚ 10 ɧ ɪɚɫɬɜɨɪɟ H
2
SO
4
. Ⱦɨɜɨɞɹɬ ɞɢɫɬɢɥɥɢɪɨɜɚɧɧɨɣ
ɜɨɞɨɣ ɩɨɱɬɢ ɞɨ ɦɟɬɤɢ ɢ ɩɪɢɛɚɜɥɹɸɬ 6 ɤɚɩɟɥɶ ɪɚɫɬɜɨɪɚ SnCI
2
. Ɂɚɬɟɦ
ɞɨɥɢɜɚɸɬ ɜɨɞɭ ɞɨ ɦɟɬɤɢ, ɩɟɪɟɦɟɲɢɜɚɸɬ ɢ ɨɫɬɚɜɥɹɸɬ ɧɚ 10 ɦɢɧɭɬ.
ɂɡɦɟɪɹɸɬ ɨɩɬɢɱɟɫɤɭɸ ɩɥɨɬɧɨɫɬɶ ɪɚɫɬɜɨɪɚ ɜ ɢɧɬɟɪɜɚɥɟ ɞɥɢɧ ɜɨɥɧ
724–740 ɧɦ (ɤɪɚɫɧɵɣ ɫɜɟɬɨɮɢɥɶɬɪ).
ɋɨɞɟɪɠɚɧɢɟ Ɋ ɢɥɢ Ɋ
2
Ɉ
5
ɧɚɯɨɞɹɬ ɩɨ ɭɪɚɜɧɟɧɢɸ:
25
100
(),%
1000
O
ɚɥ
cV
ɊɊO
V ɬ
,
uu
uu
ɝɞɟ ɫ – ɤɨɧɰɟɧɬɪɚɰɢɹ ɚɧɚɥɢɡɢɪɭɟɦɨɝɨ ɪɚɫɬɜɨɪɚ, ɧɚɣɞɟɧɧɚɹ ɩɨ
ɤɚɥɢɛɪɨɜɨɱɧɨɦɭ ɝɪɚɮɢɤɭ ɜ ɦɝ Ɋ(Ɋ
2
O
5
) ɧɚ 100 ɦɥ;
ɦ – ɧɚɜɟɫɤɚ ɫɭɯɨɣ ɩɨɱɜɵ, ɝ;
V
0
– ɨɛɴɟɦ ɮɢɥɶɬɪɚɬɚ ɩɨɫɥɟ ɨɬɞɟɥɟɧɢɹ Si, ɦɥ;
V
ɚɥ
– ɚɥɢɤɜɨɬɚ, ɦɥ.
Ɋɟɚɤɬɢɜɵ. 1. ɉɨɪɨɲɨɤ ɦɟɬɚɥɥɢɱɟɫɤɨɝɨ ɚɥɸɦɢɧɢɹ.
2. Į- ɞɢɧɢɬɪɨɮɟɧɨɥ, ɧɚɫɵɳɟɧɧɵɣ ɜɨɞɧɵɣ ɪɚɫɬɜɨɪ (0,25 ɝ ɪɚɫɬɜɨɪɹɸɬ ɜ
100 ɦɥ ɞɢɫɬɢɥɥɢɪɨɜɚɧɧɨɣ ɜɨɞɵ ɩɪɢ ɧɚɝɪɟɜɚɧɢɢ) ɢɥɢ ȕ- ɞɢɧɢɬɪɨɮɟɧɨɥ
0,1 %.
37
