Английский для бакалавров. Зарубина Л.П - 211 стр.

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211
Most fresh food contains 75 to 90 per cent of water. When this liquid is re-
moved, great savings in packaging, storage and transport are made. Potatoes, milk,
eggs, tea and coffee are among the well-known products now sold as dry powders
that need only the addition of water to reconstitute them.
I. Read the text and answer the questions:
1. Why does frozen food keep for a long time?
2. What are bacteria?
3. What conditions are beneficial for bacteria?
4. What methods for preserving food are listed in the text?
II. Write the summary of the text in Russian.
III. Translate the summary you’ve made into English.
Text 12. YOU CAN’T LIVE WITHOUT IT
It's in our bodies. It's in living things around us. It's used in .some church ser-
vices and in social customs. We have superstitions and sayings about it. It has thou-
sands of uses in the world today. One of these is to flavor the egg you have for break-
fast. Can you guess what it is? Common table salt.
Salt is necessary for the life and health of people, plants and animals. Blood,
sweat and tears are all salty. Body cells must have just the right amount of salt to
function properly. Too much salt can be dangerous for your heart and blood vessels.
But if you work or play hard enough to perspire heavily, you must replace the salt
lost from your system or you could suffer from heat exhaustion. Wild animals replace
the salt in their systems by licking natural salt deposits. To keep domestic animals
healthy, farmers put out salt blocks for their livestock to lick.
Salt is made up of two elements, sodium and chlorine, its chemical name is “so-
dium chloride.” Ordinarily these two work together in proper balance in the body.
However, if something disturbs this balance, the sodium can collect in large amounts
and attract and hold water in the tissues.
This can cause swelling in parts of the body, kidney trouble, and high blood
pressure. To help correct these problems, the diet must be changed so that the salt
needs of the body are still taken care of, but extra amounts of salt cannot collect and
cause trouble. Such special diets must be prescribed by a doctor.
Today we take salt for granted, but many years ago salt was scarce, it was used
as money. African traders exchanged it for twice its weight in gold. The soldiers in
Julius Caesar's army received common salt, called salarium, as part of their pay.
From this came the word “salary.” In Great Britain four or five hundred years ago, at
the great feasts of the ruling families, the saler, or salt container, was placed in the
middle of the long dining tables. Those who were seated above the saler, closest to
the host, were the honored guests. Those who sat below the saler were the common
people. Our name for a salt container, “salt cellar,” comes from the word “saler.”

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