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21
UNIT 4
PUBLICISTIC STYLE
The publisistic style has spoken (oratory and speeches) and
written (essays) varites. Oratory and Speeches are often refferred to as
the Oratorical Style.
Publicistic Style
Essays Oratory and Speeches
Publicistic Style
Features
Sub-
style
Func-
tion
Style Substyle
Essays
• use of similes and sustained
metaphors to emphasize ideas
Oratory and Speeches
(the spoken variety)
persuasion
• direct contact with the audience
(use of you, your, we, our)
• the use of the 1
st
person singu-
lar to justify a personal approach
to the problem treated
• combination of logical argu-
mentation and emotional appeal
due to logical argumentation:
• coherent and logical syntactic
structure
• expanded system of connec-
tives (hence, inasmuch, thence-
forward, therefore)
• careful paragraphing
• brevity of expression
due to emotional appeal:
• use of emotionally coloured
words
• imagery and stylistic devices
are used but usually are not fresh
and genuine for the audience to
comprehend the message implied
with less effort
• direct address to the audien-
ce (Your Worship, Mr. Chair-
man; you, with your permis-
sion, Mind!)
• special obligatory forms to
open and end an oration (La-
dies and Gentlemen; In the
name of God do your duty)
• words expressing speaker's
personal opinion (I'm no ideal-
ist to believe firmly in, I'm
confident that
• wide use of repetition (lexi-
cal, synonymic, syntactical) to
focus on the main points
• frequent rhetoric questions
• use of similes and sustained
metaphors to emphasize ideas
• contractions are acceptable
22
You may find useful the following definition taken from Mer-
riam Webster’s Encyclopedia of Literature, 1995:
Oratory: “the rationale and practice of persuasive public speak-
ing.”
Some oratorical devices include:
• Refrain: A regularly repeated line or group of lines in a poem
or song
• Dramatic pause: An intentional pause in delivery in order to
build suspense or magnify the importance of a point.
• Hyperbole: exaggeration used for emphasis or dramatic effect.
We will not breathe again until the injustice has stopped.
PRACTICE
TEXT I
1. What makes a good speaker?
2. Whom do you consider the best public speaker of the 20
th
century in Great Britain? Why?
3. You already know that the main purpose of every speaker is
to persuade. Read the speech below and say what the speaker wants
to persuade his audience in? What is his message?
Blood, toil, tears and sweat
On May 13, 1940, newly appointed British Prime Minister
Winston Churchill gave his first speech to the British Parliament in
which he prepares them for the long battle against Nazi aggression, at
a time when the very survival of England was in doubt.
On Friday evening last I received from His Majesty the
mission to form a new administration. It was the evident will of
Parliament and the nation that this should be conceived on the
broadest possible basis and that it should include all parties.
I have already completed the most important part of this
task.
UNIT 4 You may find useful the following definition taken from Mer-
PUBLICISTIC STYLE riam Webster’s Encyclopedia of Literature, 1995:
Oratory: “the rationale and practice of persuasive public speak-
The publisistic style has spoken (oratory and speeches) and ing.”
written (essays) varites. Oratory and Speeches are often refferred to as Some oratorical devices include:
the Oratorical Style. • Refrain: A regularly repeated line or group of lines in a poem
or song
Publicistic Style • Dramatic pause: An intentional pause in delivery in order to
build suspense or magnify the importance of a point.
Essays Oratory and Speeches
• Hyperbole: exaggeration used for emphasis or dramatic effect.
Publicistic Style We will not breathe again until the injustice has stopped.
Sub- Func- Features PRACTICE
style tion
Style Substyle TEXT I
• direct contact with the audience • use of similes and sustained 1. What makes a good speaker?
(use of you, your, we, our) metaphors to emphasize ideas 2. Whom do you consider the best public speaker of the 20th
Essays
• the use of the 1st person singu-
lar to justify a personal approach century in Great Britain? Why?
to the problem treated 3. You already know that the main purpose of every speaker is
• combination of logical argu- to persuade. Read the speech below and say what the speaker wants
mentation and emotional appeal • direct address to the audien-
due to logical argumentation: ce (Your Worship, Mr. Chair- to persuade his audience in? What is his message?
man; you, with your permis-
• coherent and logical syntactic
sion, Mind!)
structure
• special obligatory forms to
Blood, toil, tears and sweat
• expanded system of connec-
persuasion
open and end an oration (La-
tives (hence, inasmuch, thence- On May 13, 1940, newly appointed British Prime Minister
Oratory and Speeches
dies and Gentlemen; In the
(the spoken variety)
forward, therefore) Winston Churchill gave his first speech to the British Parliament in
name of God do your duty)
• careful paragraphing
• brevity of expression
• words expressing speaker's which he prepares them for the long battle against Nazi aggression, at
personal opinion (I'm no ideal- a time when the very survival of England was in doubt.
due to emotional appeal:
ist to believe firmly in, I'm
• use of emotionally coloured confident that
words On Friday evening last I received from His Majesty the
• wide use of repetition (lexi-
• imagery and stylistic devices cal, synonymic, syntactical) to mission to form a new administration. It was the evident will of
are used but usually are not fresh focus on the main points Parliament and the nation that this should be conceived on the
and genuine for the audience to
• frequent rhetoric questions broadest possible basis and that it should include all parties.
comprehend the message implied
• use of similes and sustained I have already completed the most important part of this
with less effort
metaphors to emphasize ideas
task.
• contractions are acceptable
21 22
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